A good understanding of adhesive characteristics of interfaces between geopolymer and neighboring materials is very important in promoting the usage of these industrial materials. This study investigated the adhesive characteristics by conducting a series of laboratory uniaxial compressive tests on rectangular cement mortar specimen containing geopolymer interlayers of varying dip angles. Experimental results showed that the apparent friction angle of the interface between these two materials is comparable to that of geopolymer, and is much greater than that of cement mortar. The apparent adhesion of the interface is approximately 32-43% of that of the geopolymer and that of the cement mortar. This study proposes a failure envelope based on the strengths of geopolymer and cement mortar, and the adhesion of their interface. This failure envelope is capable of predicting the possible failure modes of the composite specimen under various stress states.