高效率稀土濃縮吸附材開發

Development of High Efficiency Adsorbent for Rare Earth Elements Recovery

羅聖宗(S. C. Lo) ； 游鎮烽(C. F. You) ； 涂耀仁(Y. J. Tu) ； 翁子偉(T. W. Weng)

《鑛冶：中國鑛冶工程學會會刊》 60卷3期 (2016/09) Pp. 78-91

https://doi.org/10.30069/MM.201609_60(3).0006

摘要

逆尖晶石型態之奈米鐵氧磁體在水體中，藉表面電位調整可有效吸附稀土元素（99.9%），並應用於稀土產業（羅聖宗等，2015）。本研究目的為藉由縮小粒徑與表面改質，來提升飽和吸附率以增加其經濟效益，並應用在不同產業稀土廢棄物以驗證其效能。以硫酸亞鐵經水熱法製備之奈米鐵氧磁體粒徑為30~90nm，飽和吸附率達15mg/g。本研究以氯化鐵及氯化亞鐵製備之奈米鐵氧磁體粒徑達10~15nm，再經官能基嫁接，飽和吸附率可增達24.88 mg/g。嫁接官能基之奈米鐵氧磁體在NaCl濃度0.01N~0.5 N，吸附率＞90%；HNO3濃度0.05 N~1N，脫附率＞96 %，吸脫附極具效率。另外在產業稀土廢棄物回收試驗中LCD 拋光產業廢料之Ce、La回收率，可達90%、64%；照明工業（日光燈螢光燈）污泥之Y回收率可達99%；稀土磁鐵廢料之Nd回收率可達97%。奈米鐵氧磁體之高效率稀土濃縮吸附材製備簡易，具選擇性吸脫附、分離效率高，高效率稀土濃縮吸附材具安定性、高效率且在強酸鹼溶液下可回收使用。

關鍵字

稀土元素 ； 奈米鐵氧磁體 ； 吸附材 ； 飽和吸附率 ； 官能基

並列摘要

By adjusting the surface potential in the water, the inverse spinel structured nano-ferrite can adsorb rare earth elements (REE) up to 99.9%. The technology can be applied to REE industry (Lo et al., 2015). This study aimed at increasing the economic efficiency of saturated adsorption rate by reducing the particle size and modifying the surface property. The technology is applied to wastes containing REE in various industries to demonstrate its efficacy. Using FeSO4 prepared by hydrothermal method, the nano-ferrite particles, 30-90 mm, had the saturated adsorption rate of 15 mg/g. Using FeCl3 and FeCl2 preparation, the nano-ferrite particles, 10-15 mm, and with further grafting functional groups, the adsorption rate increased to 24.88 mg/g. The grafting functional groups onto the nano-ferrite, with NaCl concentration between 0.01 N~0.5N had an adsorption rate higher than 90%; with HNO3 concentration between 0.05N~1N had an desorption rate higher than 96%. The application of the said technology in the recycling test of industrial REE waste showed that the recycle rate of Ce and La from the polishing scrap reaches 90% and 64%, respectively; the recycle rate of Y from lighting industry (fluorescent) scrap reaches 99%; and the recycle rate of Nd from REE magnet scrap reaches 97%. The high-efficiency REE adsorbent of nano-ferrite is easy to prepare, has selective capacity of adsorption and desorption, and has a high separation efficiency. The high-efficiency REE adsorbent is stable, and can be recycled and reused by utilizing strong acid/alkaline solution.

並列關鍵字

Rare Earth Elements ； Nano-Ferrite ； Adsorbent ； Adsorption Rate ； Functional Group