等效楊氏模數於熱風爐熱應力分析之應用

Effective Young's Modulus Application in Thermal Stress Analysis of the Hot Blast Stove

吳調原(T.Y. Wu) ； 張錦裕(J.Y. Jang) ； 廖晟佑(S.Y. Liao) ； 李其峻(C.C. Lee)

《鑛冶：中國鑛冶工程學會會刊》 66卷4期 (2022/12) Pp. 31-38

https://doi.org/10.30069/MM.202212_66(4).03

摘要

熱風爐供應高爐熱風，是煉鐵製程重要設備，其吸熱、放熱週期性操作造成爐襯溫度暫態變化，需分析爐襯熱應力以確認運作安全。爐襯由大量不同種類及尺寸耐火材料組成，將每塊耐火材料建入應力模擬中並不可行，需將同性質耐火磚及耐火泥視為一塊模組，建構等效楊氏模數，以合理簡化爐襯結構並反應耐火泥吸收變形能力，使模擬具有可行性。本研究開發耐材高溫楊氏模數量測設備，以中鋼#34熱風爐為對象，分析實際砌築耐火材料在不同溫度及厚度比例的等效楊氏模數，並模擬溫度分佈，結合兩者資訊分析熱風爐體熱應力。結果顯示，爐襯第三主軸應力最大值發生在爐頂與連接管交接處矽磚，應力值10 MPa為矽磚1100°C破碎強度16 MPa的69%；鐵殼（碳鋼）等效應力最大值發生在頸部，約311 MPa僅為壓力容器規範允許強度500 MPa的62%，顯示熱風爐在應力方面具足夠的安全裕度。

關鍵字

熱風爐 ； 楊氏模數 ； 熱應力分析 ； 耐火材料

並列摘要

The Hot blast stove is an important equipment to supply hot air to blast furnace. The operation includes the periodic heat absorption and release. This results the transient variation of furnace lining temperature, and thus thermal stress analysis is required to ensure the operation safety. However, the furnace lining is assembled by a large amount of refractories with various dimensions and types. It's unfeasible to build each refractory in the stress simulation model. Therefore, the assembly of the same type of brick and mortar is to form a part with the effective Young's modulus. This method could simplify the furnace lining structure and still simulate the deformation absorption of the mortar. The simulation thus could be feasible. In this study, an equipment was developed to measure the effective high-temperature Young's modulus of refractories. The effective parameters of practical refractories used in #34 hot blast stove of China Steel Corp. were measured at different temperature and thickness ratio. The temperature distribution simulation was also completed. The both of the effective Young's modulus and temperature distribution were used to simulate the stress distribution. The results show the maximum 3^(rd) principal stress of furnace lining occurs at the silica brick of the dome and crossover interface and the value is 10 MPa, about 69% of the crush strength of the silica brick under 1100°C (16 MPa). The maximum effective stress occurs at the neck and the value is 311MPa about 62% of allowable strength of the pressure vessel (500 MPa). This means the stove has enough safety margin in stress.

並列關鍵字

hot blast stove ； Young's modulus ； thermal stress analysis ； refractory

參考文獻

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