原住民生態知識與當代災害管理以石門水庫上游集水區之泰雅族部落為例

Indigenous Ecological Knowledge and Contemporary Disaster Management a Case Study on the Tayal Communities' Experience in the Watershed of Shih-Men Reservoir

官大偉(Da-Wei Kuan)

《地理學報》 76期 (2015/03) Pp. 97-132

https://doi.org/10.6161/jgs.2015.76.04

摘要

透過原住民知識和現代科學知識的對話和合作，以提升人類因應環境問題的能力，已是一個跨學科關注的議題，而將原住民知識結合於減災防災，更是近來聯合國國際減災策略組織所提倡的重要方向，但這方面的實證研究在臺灣仍相當少。本研究以近年來受劇烈氣候現象衝擊、產生水資源危機之石門水庫集水區中的泰雅族部落經驗為例，運用文獻回顧、參與式製圖、以及民族誌研究方法，從「災害界定」到「災前預防」、「災時應變」與「災後復原」，形成原住民生態知識與當代災害管理概念之間的對話架構，藉以探知研究區域中泰雅族人與災害相關之生態知識，並對如何使原住民知識參與到公部門的災害管理之中提出建議。

關鍵字

災害 ； 原住民生態知識 ； 石門水庫 ； 集水區 ； 泰雅族

並列摘要

To advance the limited abilities in responding to the exacerbating environmental issues in the human society, there are more and more interdisciplinary efforts to bridge the dialogue between indigenous knowledge and modern science. It also becomes a growing concern in the practices of disaster management in the international arena. Aiming to reveal the efforts being made in Taiwan, this paper presents a study conducted in the indigenous Tayal communities located in the watershed of Shih-Men Reservoir, which is suffering the soil and water degradation under rapid climate change. Adopting the methods of literature review, participatory mapping and ethnographical research, this study explores the indigenous knowledge of disaster in the research area, and discusses how such knowledge can be integrated in different dimensions of contemporary disaster management. These dimensions include the identification of disaster, the pre-disaster prevention, the response in disaster, and post-disaster recovery in a conceptual framework. In the end, this study further makes suggestions to the establishment of community-based disaster management regime.

並列關鍵字

Disaster ； indigenous ecological knowledge ； Shih-Men Reservoir ； watershed ； Tayal

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