空間與文化協商下的女性主體：廣州穆斯林女性移民的流動性研究

隨著中國新絲綢之路帶的發展，廣州再度成為跨國穆斯林商貿中心，吸引了國內各地穆斯林經濟移民，其中包括大量來自西北地區的少數民族穆斯林女性。本文從空間、女性主體和流動性的視角，運用質性研究方法來關注從中國西北穆斯林聚集地區遷移至廣州城市中的穆斯林女性移民，探討這些女性跨地區、跨文化的流動，以及在此過程中性別與宗教認同的轉變。從少數民族穆斯林女性的遷移歷程、在家庭領域性別角色的轉換、以及宗教身份的重構三個方面，文章強調這些女性如何利用不同的文化論述資源主動與宗教和家庭傳統中的父權制進行協商，在日常生活中打開流動的空間。在當代文化語境下，這些穆斯林女性的案例亦豐富了對遊牧式女性主體性的理解。

關鍵字

穆斯林；伊斯蘭；女性主體性；流動性；文化協商

並列摘要

With the rapid emergence and development of trades and business between Guangzhou and Islamic countries after 2000, ethnic Muslim women, particularly from the northwestern areas, are increasingly attracted and migrated to the city. These Muslim women who break the traditional gender and religious restrictions, leave the original family ties and integrate into urban society, play a significant role in the new Muslim Migrant community. To fill the gap in previous investigations on Muslim women migrants in Guangzhou, this study undertakes in-depth interviews and participant observation with 10 Muslim women over 2 years. Based on the overarching question of how the experience of migration influences their identities of gender and religion, this study explores the identity construction of Muslim women migrants from three dimensions: their own story of their migration; the transformation of their gender roles in the domestic sphere, and their autonomous religious practices in the public space, e.g. wearing the veil. We argue that the experience of Muslim women migrants in Guangzhou can be utilized to conceptualize the question of identity construction and a nomadic female subjectivity in the contemporary cultural context.