女性活力通勤對建成環境重視程度之城鄉差異分析：以捷運沿線為例

活力通勤為一項增加身體活動的有效方式，而在通勤的過程中，城鄉環境的差異與建成環境之設計不僅會影響民眾的運具選擇，且經常忽略女性等特殊族群之需求。是故，本研究建構城鄉差異下女性活力通勤建成環境之評估指標，為了可以同時衡量多元的活力通勤運具（大眾捷運系統、公車、自行車Ubike與步行），故以桃園機場捷運車站區分城鄉周圍500-800公尺範圍作為案例地區，透過女性民眾問卷方式加以瞭解女性民眾對活力通勤建成環境的指標重視程度，發現「安全性」是城鄉女性首要重視的發展之指標；再者以獨立樣本T檢定發現都市與鄉村女性對於活力通勤建成環境指標大部份皆有顯著的差異，故應特別針對城鄉有顯著差異指標來建構合適的標準與需求。最後利用偏最小平方法結構方程式瞭解城鄉女性使用活力通勤運具與建成環境重視程度之影響關係，發現在都市地區方面，女性最常使用運具以搭乘大眾運輸系統（67%），大眾運輸配合建成環境規劃須考量密度（就業無關）、多樣性、至大眾運輸距離以及設計；在鄉村女性方面，最常使用運具以自行車（60%）為多數，自行車配合建成環境規劃必須考量密度、多樣性、可及性、至大眾運輸距離以及設計，且鄉村女性在大眾運輸使用時，僅有對大眾運輸距離的重視程度有顯著的影響關係，故應該增設大眾運輸場點（可優先依照需求規劃增加公車站與Ubike租借站）以提升鄉村女性對大眾運輸使用率（現況僅有19%），期透過上述研究之結果再強化城鄉女性活力通勤增加身體活動之永續發展目標。

關鍵字

城鄉差異；女性；活力通勤；建成環境；偏最小平方法結構方程式

並列摘要

Active commuting is an effective way to increase physical activity. In the process of commuting, the differences between urban and rural environments and the design of the built environment will not only affect people's choice of transportation tools, but also ignore the needs of special ethnic groups such as women. Therefore, this study constructs an evaluation indicators of the built environment of women's active commuting under the urban-rural differences. In order to measure a variety of active commuting vehicles (mass MRT system, bus, bicycle, Ubike and walking) at the same time, the Taoyuan Airport MRT Station is used to distinguish the 500-800 meters around the urban and rural areas as the case area. Through the women's public questionnaire to understand the importance of the indicators and found that "safety" is the most important development indicator that experts and women value. Furthermore, the independent sample T-test found that urban and rural women have significant differences in most of the indicators of the built environment for active commuting. Therefore, appropriate standards and needs should be constructed especially for the indicators with significant differences between urban and rural areas. Finally, the partial least squares method structural equation was used to understand the relationship between urban and rural women's use of active commuting and the importance of built environment. In urban areas, women most often use transportation to ride the mass transit system (67%), and mass transit and built environment planning must consider density (irrelevant to employment), diversity, distance to mass transit, and design. Walking and cycling also have their own indicators of importance. Among rural women, bicycles (60%) are the most commonly used means of transportation. Bicycles must consider density, diversity, accessibility, distance to public transportation, and design when planning for the built environment. However, when rural women use public transportation, they only have a significant influence on the degree of emphasis on the distance of public transportation, so they should increase the number of public transportation sites (which can be planned according to needs in priority). Increase the number of bus stops and Ubike rental stations) to increase rural women's use of public transportation (currently only 19%). Through the results of the above research, the sustainable development goal of strengthening the active commuting of urban and rural women and increasing physical activity.

並列關鍵字

Urban-rural area ； women ； active commuting ； built environment ； partial least square SEM method

參考文獻

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