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台灣地區區域性電離層模式及對定位之影響-以台灣GPS追蹤站2004年觀測資料爲例

Influence of Local Ionospheric Model on GPS Positioning-A Case Study of Taiwan's GPS Tracking Data over 2004

摘要


全球定位系統(GPS)的定位精度受許多誤差的影響,其中對流層誤差和電離層誤差爲目前最主要的研究對象之一。本研究嘗試建立一個區域性的電離層模式,以探討對GPS定位精度的影響。實驗資料爲2003年10月1日到2004年9月30日台灣GPS追蹤站觀測資料。本研究嘗試建立區域性電離層模式以分析在該時期內台灣地區上空電離層中全電子含量(TEC)的變化,並和IGS電離層模式的TEC資料比較。實驗結果顯示:夏季台灣地區TEC高峰出現時間較其他季節約晚了將2個小時。在2003年10月底受磁暴的效應時,TEC攀高至全年最大值。比較本研究所得的台灣地區區域性電離層模式和全球性電離層資料位於(120°E, 22.5°N)、(120°E, 25°N)及(121°E, 23.5°N),兩者差異的標準偏差分別爲6.3TECU、6.9TECU與6.5TECU。另外,爲了瞭解所推導的區域性電離層模式對GPS定位精度的影響,本文分別以所推導出的區域性電離層模式和CODE全球性電離層模式引入單頻L1的GPS網平差中。結果顯示:利用區域性電離層模式可以比全球性電離層模式提昇約5%到12%的定位精度。

並列摘要


The accuracy of Global Position Systems (GPS) is affected by several kinds of error sources. Nowadays, the tropospheric and ionospheric delays are one of the major error sources in the GPS positioning. In this study, an ionospheric model for Taiwan is developed by using Taiwan GPS tracking data over the interval from Oct.1, 2003 to Sep.30, 2004. The local ionospheric variations are analyzed in this paper. The results of our experiment show that the high peaks in summer delay around two hours and the largest amount of TEC was on Oct., 2003 in the study period due to the magnetic storms. Comparing our regional ionospheric model with the IGS global ionospheric model at (120°E, 22.5°N), (120°E, 25°N), and (121°E, 23.5°N), we obtain the standard deviation at the levels of 6.3 TECU, 6.9 TECU and 6.5 TECU, respectively. Additionally, in order to discuss the influence of the local ionospheric model developed in this paper on GPS positioning precision, the local ionospheric model and the CODE ionospheric model are introduced into a GPS network adjustment with L1 observations. The results show that the positioning precision can be improved by 5% to 12% when the local ionospheric model is used.

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