溫度與GA3對菊花開花之影響

Effect of Temperature and GA3 on Flowering of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.

李哖(Nean Lee) ； 施昭彰(Chau-Chang Shih) ； 陳中和(Chung-Ho Chen)

《中國園藝》 27卷4期 (1981/09) Pp. 117-126

https://doi.org/10.6964/JCSHS.198109.0117

摘要

菊花「冬玉」品種於不同季節及人工氣候室13~30℃生長，在臺灣自然日長於13~20℃週年均能開花，日／夜溫20/15℃花朵分化發育最快品質最好，低溫(15/13℃)延遲花芽分化與發育。夏秋之自然日長，生長於日／夜溫25/20℃及30/25℃者均不會發生花芽。秋冬春之日長、生長於25/20℃者花芽分化快，但花蕾發育延遲品質不佳；日／夜溫30/25℃生長者，均不會開花祇少數植株形成柳芽。在13~25℃生長之「冬王」於花蕾可見噴施20ppm GA3能促進莖之伸長，增加花朵鮮重，提早開花及增進品質。高溫(30/25℃)施GA3無效。對「新種黃」品種，施GA310或20 ppm，不但促進莖之伸長，並提高開花率及提早開花。以長日至盛花每週噴施GA3一次效果最好。

並列摘要

The experiment was undertaken to investigate the effect of various season, day/night-temperature, and GA3 application on the flowering time and quality of chrysanthemums.
The winter flowering cv. Tung-Wang, which belongs to the thermonegative group initiated and developed flower buds to anthesis at day/night temperature of 15/13℃ and 20/15℃ under year-round. natural daylength in Taiwan. Visible buds formed at temperature from 13 to 30℃ under natural daylength during autumn, winter and spring seasons. However, its growth and flowering were inhibited by high temperature (30/25℃). The flower buds initiation and development were delayed by low temperature (15/13℃). Visible buds appeared rapidly at temperature of 20/15℃ and 25/20℃, but development, delayed at 25/20℃. The minimum flowering time and best quality was produced by the temperature of 20/15℃.
GA3 applied to chrysanthemum cv. Hsih-Chung-Huang once per week from planting to full bloom increased step elongation and induced flowering. GA3 applied to cv. Tang-Wong after bud visible increased stem elongation and fresh weight and hastened flowering time in the temperature range from 13 to 25℃. However, there Was no response to GA3 at temperature of 30/25℃.