振動對玫瑰花切花品質影響之研究

The Effects on Quality of Rose Cut Flowers Due to Vibration

李仲暐(Chung-Wei Li) ； 陳昱全(Yu-Chuan Chen) ； 王信智(Hsin-Chih Wang) ； 林瑞松(Ruey Song Lin) ； 鄭經偉(Ching-Wei Cheng)

《農林學報》 51卷4期 (2002/12) Pp. 65-86

https://doi.org/10.30089/JAF.200212.0006

摘要

本研究模擬玫瑰花於道路運輸時所產生的振動，以探討振動頻率與振動的時間對於切花生理及老化上的影響，其中包括了鮮重的變化、吸水量、呼吸率及乙烯生成量，期使應用於未來切花保鮮、運輸及包裝方式改良上之相關研究。
本試驗所使用之材料為省產紅色玫瑰花(Grand Gala)，將剪下株枝後之切花，立即插水以防止水分的散失，1.5小時內自田間運回進行實驗。本研究以振動訊號產生器激發振動試驗機，以模擬貨車行駛於高速公路時的路面振動。將切花以直立的方式濕藏置於保持於24℃之恆溫環境下的呼吸缸中，將呼吸缸密封後分成五組，各組分別放置自來水、蒸餾水、保鮮液100毫升於內徑1吋之試管內，分別振動2小時及4小時，振動頻率為20Hz，振幅為500μm。
玫瑰花切花的鮮重變化率趨勢線方程式可以利用y=-Ax^2+Bx+C來表示，其中y為花的鮮重變化率，x為實驗的天數，實驗結果得知振動過後的切花鮮重下降速率比沒經過振動的對照組還快，在承受到振動逆境時，呼吸率會很明顯的提高。在吸水率方面，試驗過程中，第二天都會有較多的吸水量。運輸時的振動確實會使玫瑰花加速凋謝，縮短瓶插壽命，當切花承受逆境時會產生較大量的二氧化碳，換言之其呼吸作用加劇、呼吸率會急速上升，振動後乙烯亦伴隨產生。結果顯示，運輸時所造成之振動對於玫瑰花切花品質有負面影響。

關鍵字

玫瑰花 ； 振動 ； 呼吸率 ； 乙烯

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the quality of cut roses and road vibration due to transportation .The vibration frequency and duration are given and simulated by computer. The items of experiments include the variation of fresh weight, the rate of water absorbing, the respiration rate and the producing quantity of the ethylene. Hopefully, the results can be used in the relative research of transportation and packing.
The Grand Gala, a variety of local product, was chosen as an experimental material. After cutting, the rose samples were put into water immediately to avoid losing water. The cut roses had to make experiments in one and half hours. In this research, we imitate the vibration traveling on the high way by both signal generator and shaker. Kept the cut flowers standing in the respiration vat with water and the constant temperature of 24℃. After sealing the vats, the cut flowers were separated in five groups with tap water, distilled water and preservatives of 100 ml that were put into test tubes of 1-inch inner diameter. they were vibrated with the frequency of 20Hz and the amplitude of 500 μm.
The variation of fresh weight of the cut roses could be represented as an equation of y=-Ax^2+ Bx + C, which y is fresh weight of the cut flowers, x is the day of the experiment. The results showed that the rate of weight losing for the cut flowers with vibration was fast than that without vibration. Under the vibration stress, the respiration rate increased. It was observed that the rate of water absorbing was higher on the second day. Therefore, it concluded that the vibration indeed sped up the death of roses and shortened the life of the flowers. The main effects of cut flowers due to vibration happened on that time when the stress came, in the mean time, the respiration rate rose, the ethylene also produced. It was to conclude that vibration could have the effect on the quality of cut roses.

並列關鍵字

rose ； vibration ； respiration rate ； ethylene