不同海岸防風林台灣大蟋蟀若蟲數量之比較

Number Comparison of Formosan Giant Cricket Nymphs among Different Coastal Windbreaks

梁昇(Sheng Liang) ； 林明鼎(Min-Ding Lin)

《農林學報》 58卷2期 (2009/06) Pp. 107-119

https://doi.org/10.30089/JAF.200906.0003

摘要

台南市黃金海岸環保公園內白千層樹、露兜樹、菩提樹三種防風林林區內與林區外對照調查取得臺灣大蟋蟀若蟲數量，用來說明密度與遷移換洞行為的意義。密度指單位面積上的數量。臺灣大蟋蟀若蟲的遷移換洞指放棄原有棲身洞在區內另外挖新的棲身洞，在新洞外形成一完整的土塚。單位面積上二時段間內增加的數量即為遷移量，遷移量密度對參考日密度之百分比稱遷移率。調查日為98/4/10、4/16、4/22、4/26。98/4/10為參考日，以菩提樹林區內密度最多，達0.59隻／平方公尺；而白千層樹林區內密度最少，僅有0.19隻／平方公尺；而且大蟋蟀若蟲的5隻平均體長也具同樣樹種趨勢。密度與體長受到防風林樹種的影響；可稱為防風林表現出的第一次生態效益。防風林區內外均發生遷移換洞的現象，若蟲此種重要行為可能產生的增益，是在防風林棲地表現出的第二次生態效益。遷移率對樹種影響的次序與第一次生態效益相反，白千層樹林區外達133%最高，菩提樹林區外達53%最低。

關鍵字

防風林 ； 臺灣大蟋蟀若蟲 ； 第一次生態效益 ； 第二次生態效益

並列摘要

Three types of windbreaks formed from Melaleuca leucadendron, Pandanus tectorius, and Ficus religiosa, respectively, located on a slice belt, which known well as Golden Coast in Tainan City, and which between No.17 highway and sea, were served as the sampling areas for nymphs of Formosa Giant Cricket in order to understand the relationship between tree species and the number of the Cricket nymphs. The nymph number of the cricket is investigated during four different weather periods. The check dates performed on April 10, 16, 22, and 26, respectively. The first day data is to serve as a reference. The second period represents the fine weather condition, which conducted the check on April 16, while the third and fourth periods were done on April 22, and April 26, respectively, for starting rain and post-rainfall weather conditions. The resident condition is transitory within a windbreak site. The transfer rate is obtained from the increment of new dome created by the moving cricket over specified area. Both resident number and transfer rate depends on the tree species. The sequence of the resident number was Ficus religiosa with highest counts of 0.58, and Melaleuca Leucadendron with the lowest counts of 0.19 per m^2. The windbreak outer regions had the same sequence. The sequence of the body size is also followed the same order. To windbreaks, such a relationship depended on species is called as the First Ecological benefit. There is no difference between fine or wet weather from the view point of transfer rate, as counting performed on other dates. However, the sequence of favor ranking within the above three windbreaks are reversal. The highest as 133% for the outer area of Melaleuca Leucadendron and as low as 53% for the outer area of Ficus religiosa. Transfer rate shows the ecosystem functioning, called as the Secondary ecological benefit, of resident Cricket nymphs. This leads to a conclusion that within the windbreak with Melaleuca Leucadendron would have the highest density of Formosan Giant Cricket among the six areal conditions but with the lowest transfer rate at the same time.

並列關鍵字

Windbreaks ； Formosa giant cricket nymphs ； First ecological benefit ； Secondary ecological benefit