免克寧代謝產物降解及對土壤菌相與水蚤毒性影響

本研究探討免克寧代謝產物M1與M2於土壤中降解情形與對土壤微生物菌相的影響，並比較免克寧與代謝產物對本土種圓水蚤（Daphnia pulex）急毒性。M1及M2代謝產物製備為自免克寧商品中純化出高純度免克寧（99.8%）後進行水解、收集並純化而得，純度為90.0-96.0%, 91.0-94.0%。降解試驗使用Pu與Wl土壤，M1, M2濃度分別為20.0與5.0 mg/kg，利用HPLC分析殘量。結果顯示，M1在鹼性環境下以生物性降解為主，酸性環境下則生物性與化學性降解同時進行。M2在酸性及鹼性土壤中皆以生物性的降解為主。滅菌土中，代謝產物M1, M2的半衰期（10.9-126.6, 87.1-296.5天）較免克寧長（8.7-35.0天）。於土壤菌相影響試驗結果，發現土壤中的某些優勢微生物，如：Pu土壤中Acidobacterium sp.與Pseudomonas sp.，或Wl土壤之Ammoniphilus oxalaticus，不受到代謝產物M1, M2影響族群大小與活性。而Wl土壤中Pseudomonas sp.與Bacillus sp.族群於處理組中較控制組族群更具優勢。以水蚤進行48小時急毒性試驗，顯示毒性大小依序為M2＞免克寧＞M1。

關鍵字

代謝產物；免克寧；降解；圓水蚤；毒性試驗

並列摘要

In this study, the persistence of vinclozolin and its metabolites, M1 and M2, and their effect on soil microbial diversity were investigated. The toxicity analysis on Daphnia pulex were also conducted. We performed chemical hydrolysis on commerical vinclozolin before purification to collect the metabolites M1 and M2. Afterwards, 20.0 mg/kg of M1 and 5.0 mg/kg of M2 were amended into sterilized and unsterilized Pu and Wl soils. In sterilized soil, M1 and M2 have longer half-lives (10.9-126.6 and 87.1-296.5 day) than vinclozolin (8.7-35.0 day). The impact of vinclozolin metabolites on soil microbial community were analyzed by PCR-DGGE. From the results, some bacterial populations were not apparently influence by vinclozolin metabolites, such as Acidobacterium sp. and Pseudomonas sp. in Pu soil, and Ammoniphilus oxalaticus in Wl soil, while some bacterial populations were propagated by the amendment of metabolites, such as Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. We conducted 48 hr acute toxicity assay on Daphnia pulex. From the result, the toxicity towards the species in the descending sequence was M2 ＞ vinclozolin ＞ M1.

並列關鍵字

Metabolites ； Vinclozolin ； Degradation ； PCR-DGGE ； Daphnia pulex ； Toxicity assay

國際替代計量

免克寧代謝產物降解及對土壤菌相與水蚤毒性影響

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