Two models are given by crossing the Friedmann metrics with the Schwarzschild and Kerr metrics. In these evolving universes with a gravitational source, the force four-vector and the corresponding potentials are evaluated.
Tseng, H. H. (2015). Gravitational Theories with Torsion [doctoral dissertation, National Tsing Hua University]. Airiti Library. https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2015.00226