道德感情與動機：康德、席勒與牟宗三

Moral Feeling and Motive: Kant, Schiller and Mou Zongsan

史偉民(Wei-Min Shi)

《清華學報》 45卷4期 (2015/12) Pp. 597-630

https://doi.org/10.6503/THJCS.2015.45(4).03

摘要

根據廣為接受的主張，牟宗三（1909-1995）的道德哲學與康德（Immanuel Kant,1724-1804）不同之處，在於前者不接受後者所堅持的理性與感性的二分，並且和牟宗三一樣，席勒（Friedrich Schiller, 1759-1805）在道德感情中見到道德主體自我實現的動力。相對於此，本文嘗試論證：一方面，席勒並不把感情視為道德行為的動力，另一方面，牟宗三對康德的批判，事實上植基於與康德十分不同的有關道德行動的觀點。

關鍵字

牟宗三 ； 席勒 ； 康德 ； 道德感情 ； 道德動機

並列摘要

It is widely accepted that Mou Zongsan 牟宗三's moral philosophy differs from Kant's in that the former does not accept the dichotomy of rationality and sensibility made by the latter. It is moreover often claimed that both Schiller and Mou see in the moral subject's moral feelings the power for his self-actualization. In contrast to these positions, I argue in this paper, first, that Schiller does not regard feelings to be the moving power behind moral acts, and second, that Mou's criticism of Kant actually is rooted in an idea of moral action that is radically different from Kant's.

並列關鍵字

Mou Zongsan ； Schiller ； Kant ； moral feeling ； moral motives

參考文獻

陳榮灼，〈牟宗三對康德哲學的轉化〉，《鵝湖學誌》，40，新北：2008，頁 51-73。

Fichte, J. G. Gesamtausgabe der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, herausg. R. Lauth und H. Jacob. Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt: Frommann-Holzboog, 1962ff.

Kant, Immanuel. Kants Gesammelte Schriften, herausg. Königlich Preußische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1900ff.

Kant, Immanuel. Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals, trans. Thomas K. Abbott. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1949.

Kant, Immanuel. Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone, trans. John R. Silber. New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1960.