福山林地土壤飽和水力傳導度特性及其推估公式

Characteristics and Predicted Formula of Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity in Fushan Forest Land

陳明杰(Ming-Chieh Chen) ； 陳家民(Chia-Ming Chen) ； 高庭芳(Tyn-Fang Kau) ； 洪志遠(Jyh-Yuan Horng)

《中華林學季刊》 39卷2期 (2006/06) Pp. 173-188

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.200606.0003

摘要

本研究為探討福山林地土壤飽和水力傳導度與土壤物理性質的特性，採取直徑20cm、長度40~55cm之大型不擾動土壤試體進行室內滲透測定。同時，採取直徑5cm、高5cm的不擾動試體供分析土壤物理性質。由飽和水力傳導度和土壤物理性質取樣測定結果，說明兩者之間的關係，並且供建立迴歸方程式。研究結果顯示，八個大型不擾動土壤試體之四個深度0~10cm、10~20cm、20~30cm、30~40cm的飽和水力傳導度平均分別為1.30×10^(-2) cm sec^(-1)、7.52×10^(-3) cm sec^(-1)、7.84×10^(-3) cm sec^(-1)、3.01×10^(-3) cm sec^(-1)。由於受到較深層土壤滲透的限制，整體試體的飽和水力傳導度小於層次0~10 cm的飽和水力傳導度。經由變異數分析結果，不同試體、以及不同深度之間的飽和水力傳導度皆呈顯著差異。而利用土壤物理性質建立推估飽和水力傳導度之指數型迴歸方程式，依照不同層次深度區分，深度0~10 cm之第一層的影響變數包括相當於壓力水頭大於-100cm的大孔隙率，以及礫、砂、沈泥含量等四項。而深度10~20 cm、20~30 cm、30~40 cm之第二、三、四層的影響變數項包括總孔隙率，以及礫、砂、沈泥含量等四項，顯示不同層次之間，礫、砂、沈泥含量等為影響飽和水力傳導度的變數項。

關鍵字

福山 ； 土壤水 ； 水力傳導度

並列摘要

This study was to investigate the characteristics of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and soil physical properties in Fushan forest land. Extracted undisturbed soil samples with diameter 20 cm and length 40 cm to 55 cm were used to measure infiltration rate; Undisturbed soil samples with diameter 5 cm and length 5 cm were used to measure soil physical properties. Soil physical property and Ks could be used to interpret the relationship of each other and establish regression formula. We found the average Ks of soil depth from 0~10 cm, 10~20 cm, 20~30 cm, and 30~40 cm of eight samples were 1.30×10^(-2) cm sec^(-1), 7.52×10^(-3) cm sec^(-1), 7.84×10^(-3) cm sec^(-1), and 3.01×10^(-3) cm sec^(-1), respectively. Ks of the whole soil sample was less than that of soil depth from 0~10 cm because deeper soil limited infiltration rate. Ks of between samples and between depths were also significantly different from the analysis of variance. Besides, independent variables of exponential regression formula to predict Ks of soil depth from 0-10 cm were macroporosity (corresponding to pressure head above -100 cm H2O), gravel content, sand content, and silt content; Soil depth from 10~20 cm, 20~30 cm, and 30~40 cm were also total porosity, gravel content, sand content, and silt content. It clearly shows that gravel content, sand content, and silt content were similarly variables of predicting Ks from each soil depth.

並列關鍵字

Fushan ； Soil water ； Hydraulic conductivity