樟屬植物葉子精油對竹林天狗巢病原菌抑制效果之評估

Inhibition Activity of Leaf Essential Oils from Cinnamomum and Their Major Constituents Against Aciculosporium Take, the Bamboo Witches' Broom Disease Causal Organism

劉如芸(Ju-Yun Liu) ； 鄭森松(Sen-Sung Cheng) ； 蕭英倫(Ing-Luen Shiau) ； 張上鎮(Shang-Tzen Chang)

《中華林學季刊》 39卷3期 (2006/09) Pp. 377-388

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.200609.0008

摘要

本研究除了瞭解天狗巢病原菌於人工培養下的生長特性外，並評估林木精油（錫蘭肉桂、土肉桂、山肉桂及陰香）及其成分對天狗巢病原菌的抑制效果，同時亦利用薰蒸及噴灑的方式評估其抑制天狗巢病原菌生長的效果。試驗結果顯示，天狗巢病原菌於馬鈴薯葡萄糖瓊脂(PDA)上生長較好，而使用桂竹葉子、枝條粉末或桂竹葉子乙醇抽出物對於天狗巢病原菌均沒有促進生長的效果。至於林木葉子精油及其主要成分對天狗巢病原菌的抑制活性，以錫蘭肉桂及土肉桂葉子精油的活性較佳，且其主要成分－丁香酚及桂皮醛的抑菌效果也很好。此外，丁香酚及桂皮醛以薰蒸及噴灑方式進行試驗，結果顯示丁香酚的抑菌活性較桂皮醛為佳，而且若是早期施藥，能更有效的抑制天狗巢病原菌的生長，且所需使用的劑量也可以較低。

關鍵字

天狗巢病原菌 ； 桂皮醛 ； 錫蘭肉桂 ； 土肉桂 ； 丁香酚 ； 薰蒸法 ； 噴灑法

並列摘要

In addition to understand the growth characteristics of Aciculosporium take under artificial cultivation, the antifungal activities of essential oils of four tree species (Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Cinnamomum osmophloeum, Cinnamomum insularimontanu, and Cinnamomum burmanii) and their major constituents against A. take were investigated in this study. Furthermore the effectiveness against A. take by using the fumigation and spraying methods were also evaluated. The results demonstrated that fungal growth of A. take on PDA is better, and that there was no significant promoting effects on the growth of A. take by addition of leaf or twig powder of Phyllostachys makinoi or ethanolic extracts from its leaf into PDA. Results obtained from antifungal assay demonstrated that the antifungal activities of leaf essential oils from C. zeylanicum and C. osmophloeum were greater than the others, and that the antifungal action of their major constituents-eugenol and cinnamaldehyde was as good as that of leaf essential oils. On the other hand, results obtained from antifungal test by using fumigation and spraying methods showed that antifungal performance of eugenol was better than cinnamaldehyde. It was also demonstrated that the growth of A. take can be restrained more effectively and the dosage used can be lower if the reagents were applied in earlier periods of infection.

並列關鍵字

Aciculosporium take ； Cinnamaldehyde ； Cinnamomum zeylanicum ； Cinnamomum osmophloeum ； Eugenol ； Fumigation method ； Spraying method