塔塔加地區三種林型下土壤有機質之特性分析－碳十三核磁共振分析

Characterization of Soil Organic Matters at Three Forest Types in Ta-Ta-Chia Area-13C-NMR Spectroscopic Analysis

葉旭容(Hsun-Jung Yeh) ； 曾聰堯(Tsung-Yao Tseng) ； 王亞男(Ya-Nan Wang) ； 王明光(Ming-Kuang Wang)

《中華林學季刊》 39卷4期 (2006/12) Pp. 459-467

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.200612.0004

摘要

Compositions of soil organic matter developed form various vegetations remain unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate the different characteristics of soil organic matters (SOM) from various vegetations in temperate rain forest, Ta-Ta-Chia, central Taiwan. Three forest types were selected for this study, i. e. Taiwan red pine (Pinus taiwanensis Hay., Taiwan red pine, TP), Taiwan hemlock (Tsuga chinensis var. formosana Li & Keng, Taiwan hemlock, TH), and Yushan cane (Yushania niitakayamensis (Hay.) Keng f., Yushan cane, YC). Soil pH ranged from 3 to 4. Low exchangeable cations caused by acidic and intense leaching of forest soils. Total organic carbon contents showed the trend as: TH＞TP＞YC. From slid state high resolution 13C nuclear magnetic resonance with cross polarization and magic angle spinning analyses (solid-state 13C CP/MAS-NMR), the constituents of organic functional groups showed the various with respect to different plants and tissues, including fresh twigs, leaves and roots. Cellulose and semi-cellulose are the major components of plant tissues. However, the TH and TP comprise more lignin than that of YC. The contents of different functional groups in plant tissues showed the trends as follows: O-alkyl-C＞alkyl-C＞N-alkyl-C＞acetal-C＞aromatic-C＞phenolic-C≈carboxyl-C. The Oa horizon in TP and TH contain more cellulose and semi-cellulose than that of the YC. The debris of Taiwan hemlock forest type is not that easy decompose under the alpine forest soil environments. The decomposition rate of plant tissues of three forest types showed the trends as: YC＞TP＞TH.

關鍵字

土壤有機質 ； 植生 ； 13C-NMR

並列摘要

Compositions of soil organic matter developed form various vegetations remain unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate the different characteristics of soil organic matters (SOM) from various vegetations in temperate rain forest, Ta-Ta-Chia, central Taiwan. Three forest types were selected for this study, i. e. Taiwan red pine (Pinus taiwanensis Hay., Taiwan red pine, TP), Taiwan hemlock (Tsuga chinensis var. formosana Li & Keng, Taiwan hemlock, TH), and Yushan cane (Yushania niitakayamensis (Hay.) Keng f., Yushan cane, YC). Soil pH ranged from 3 to 4. Low exchangeable cations caused by acidic and intense leaching of forest soils. Total organic carbon contents showed the trend as: TH＞TP＞YC. From slid state high resolution 13C nuclear magnetic resonance with cross polarization and magic angle spinning analyses (solid-state 13C CP/MAS-NMR), the constituents of organic functional groups showed the various with respect to different plants and tissues, including fresh twigs, leaves and roots. Cellulose and semi-cellulose are the major components of plant tissues. However, the TH and TP comprise more lignin than that of YC. The contents of different functional groups in plant tissues showed the trends as follows: O-alkyl-C＞alkyl-C＞N-alkyl-C＞acetal-C＞aromatic-C＞phenolic-C≈carboxyl-C. The Oa horizon in TP and TH contain more cellulose and semi-cellulose than that of the YC. The debris of Taiwan hemlock forest type is not that easy decompose under the alpine forest soil environments. The decomposition rate of plant tissues of three forest types showed the trends as: YC＞TP＞TH.

並列關鍵字

13C-NMR ； Vegetation ； Soil organic matter