墾丁高位珊瑚礁森林木質藤本多樣性

Diversity of Lianas in Kenting Uplifted Coral Reef Forest, Southern Taiwan

伍淑惠(Shu-Hui Wu) ； 潘清連(Chin-Lein Pan) ； 古心蘭(Hsin-Lan Ku) ； 曾喜育(Hsy-Yu Tzeng) ； 王相華(Hsiang-Hua Wang)

《中華林學季刊》 40卷1期 (2007/03) Pp. 31-42

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.200703.0003

摘要

於南台灣墾丁的高位珊瑚礁森林內設置長400 m、寬20 m之0.8 ha樣帶，並劃分為80個10×10平方公尺小區，小區內紀錄胸徑≧1 cm木質藤本的種類、胸徑及攀爬類型。樣區內紀錄木質藤本1125株，分屬23科、40屬、43種，密度為1406株／ha，胸高斷面積為0.84平方公尺/ha。木質藤本之優勢度集中於少數種類，主要有搭肉刺(Caesalpinia crista)、山葛(Pueraria Montana)、猿尾藤(Hiptage benghalensis)及亨利氏伊利基藤(Erycibe henryi)等。豆科(Fabaceae)、夾竹桃科(Apocynaceae)、茜草科(Rubiaceae)、葡萄科(Vitaceae)的種類較多，重要值則以豆科植物之36.7%最高，其次依序為黃褥花科(Malpighiaceae)、大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)、旋花科(Convolvulaceae)、衛矛科(Celastraceae)及葡萄科。就攀爬機制而言，主莖纏繞(46.5%)的種數最多，勾刺倚靠型(37.2%)次之，其它攀爬類型植物所佔比例不高。與相同樣帶內胸徑≧1cm之樹木調查結果（76種）比較，木質藤本種類佔所有木本植物種類的36.1%，此一比例較一般熱帶地區調查結果（約25%）及全台灣之平均值(19.7%)偏高。主莖纏繞是全球熱帶木質藤本最主要的攀爬類型，占所有木質藤本約一半之比例，本區亦不例外；然而勾刺倚靠型木質藤本種類在本區之比例高達37.2%，遠高於其它學者在熱帶地區之調查結果(5-20%)，其可能原因在本文中有所討論。

關鍵字

攀爬機制 ； 多樣性 ； 木質藤本 ； 高位珊瑚礁森林

並列摘要

A 0.8 ha transect (400×20 m) was set up in the Kenting uplifted coral reef forest for liana investigation and long-term monitoring. The transect was divided into eighty 10×10m subplots, and all the liana with a dbh ≧ 1 cm were recorded with species, dbh and climbing mechanism. Fourty-three liana species in 23 families were recoded; the density was 1406 stem ha^(-1) and the basal area were 0.84 m^2ha(-1). The families Fabaceae, Apocynaceae, Rubiaceae, and Vitaceae had more species richness, while the families Fabaceae, Malpighiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Convolvulaceae and Celastraceae had higher important value. Caesalpinia crista, Pueraria montana, Hiptage benghalensis and Erycibe henryi were the dominant liana species in this forest. of the five climbing mechanism recognized among the 43 species, 20 with twining stem (46.5%), 16 with hooks or spines (37.2%), and only 4 with twining tendrils (9.3%), 2 with adhesive root or tendril (4.7%), 1 with twining branch (2.3%). Liana represents 36.1% of the woody species in this forest, which is higher than the usual reports in tropical area (mean ≒ 25%) and the average record in Taiwan (19.7%). The ratio of hooks or scramblers climbing mechanism species of this forest was significant higher than the other reports in tropical forest. The possible reasons were discussed.

並列關鍵字

Climbing mechanism ； Diversity ； Liana ； Uplifted coral reef forest