- 期刊
二種林木種子油使用不同催化劑製備生質柴油
Two Kinds of Tree Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production with Various Catalysts
摘要
本研究係以桐油及無患子油製造生質柴油，探討不同催化劑下轉酯化條件之影響效應。結果得知，油醇比皆以1:6最佳。催化劑的最佳添加量，桐油者KOH1%、沸石20%及脂肪酶(Novozym 435)4%，而無患子者KOH2.25%、沸石23%。最佳反應溫度與反應時間，KOH者為65℃與30min，沸石者為210℃，4h。而脂肪酶(Novozym 435)反應之產物，雖不需中和，但添加量高且價格昂貴，不符合成本效益。酸催化劑與有機鈦催化劑兩者反應缺點多及酯含量低，故較不適宜做為桐油與無患子油轉酯化的催化劑。二種油脂以KOH為催化劑所得生質柴油之含酯率皆達CNS規定之96.5%以上，沸石者，雖未符合CNS規定，但亦達88.55~91.02%，皆高於目前文獻所記載之數值
並列摘要
The study analyzed the effects of the conditions of the biodiesel production with various catalysts (KOH, zeolite, fatty enzyme, sulfuric acid, and organic titanium) on the bio- diesels of Tung oil and Soapnut oil. The results showed that the best oil/alcohol mole ratio was 1:6; the optimal addition amount of catalysts in Tung oil was 1% for KOH, 20% for zeolite, and 4% for fatty enzyme (Novozym 435); while that in Soapnut oil was 2.25% for KOH and 23% for zeolite. The optimal reaction temperature and time were 65℃/30min and 210℃/4hr for KOH and zeolite, respectively. This study found that even without neutralization, the fatty enzyme-made products required a high amount of catalyst addition, and was expensive. On the other hand, sulfuric acid, and organic titanium were not suitable for Tung oil and Soapnut oil biodiesels, due to negative effects and the low rate of transesterification. The esters content rates of the KOH-catalyzed Tung oil and Soapnut oil biodiesels both had met the CNS standard, namely over 96.5%; while those of zeolite-catalyzed Tung oil and Soapnut oil were 88.55% to 91.02%, which were higher than the results in previous literatures, though not meeting the CNS standard.