國家公園內聚落社區「共同規畫」機制之評估與分析－以陽明山竹子湖地區為例

Evaluation and Analysis of the "Collaborative Planning" Mechanism for Communities in National Parks-With an Example of Jhuzihhu Community in Yangmingshan National Park

范佐東(Tso-Tong Fan) ； 王義仲(Yi-Chung Wang)

《中華林學季刊》 42卷4期 (2009/12) Pp. 557-575

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.200912.0007

摘要

社區參與是國際上及台灣自然保育界的新取向，目的在於促進和自然資源有關的權益關係者之間的協調合作和夥伴關係，以達成自然資源的永續經營目標。本文以位於陽明山國家公園內的竹子湖社區為例，探討國內首例國家公園內社區參與「共同規畫」機制的啟動執行過程。在過去調查研究成果的基礎上，以質性的、行動研究的方法，透過專家訪談評估、居民意見調查，以及工作坊及民眾座談會的辦理，實地參與觀察此參與式規畫過程對於社區民眾凝聚共識、提出願景發展藍圖以及初步擬定環境改造發展計畫草案的成效與所遇到的困難阻礙。結果發現（一）此「自提計劃」機制屬國內首創，民眾缺乏集體參與環境決策的經驗，而社區的組織力、知識力及行動力尚處於起步培養階段。（二）自提計畫的實踐，有賴於陽管處的積極輔導及資源挹注，例如繼續加強宣導的「自提計畫」參與式理念、彙整提供里民相關計畫進度的最新資訊，以及製作社區營造與民眾自身經濟利益關連性的分析說帖資料…等。（三）主管官署若能參考先期規畫的具體工作項目，將不涉及法令變更及具高度共識議題，列為優先辦理事項，可爭取並提高社區民眾的向心力；進一步打好未來整體自提計畫的順利提送審議的基礎，進一步能為陽明山國家公園，及其核心範圍內的竹子湖社區居民達成雙贏的目標。

關鍵字

社區自提計畫 ； 民眾參與 ； 共同規劃理論 ； 陽明山竹子湖社區

並列摘要

Community participation is a new worldwide trend in natural reservation, so is in Taiwan. Its purpose is to promote the coordination and partnership among all stakeholders concerned with nature resources so as to achieve sustainable management of nature resources. This research used the Jhuzihhu Community in Yangminshan National Park as an example to investigate the activation and execution of the unprecedented ”community's self-proposal” mechanism, featuring local participation. Based on the results of previous studies, this research adopted a qualitative and action-research method to assess the effects of the participation-approach on the formation of consensuses among community residents, the development of blueprint and the formulation of preliminary plans for environment transformation as well as all obstacles encountered. First-hand information were collected through in-depth interviews with experts, residents surveys, workshops and focus groups. The research results showed that:
(Ⅰ) The abilities of Jhuzihhu Community residents in organization should be improved. It is found that local residents’ knowledge, abilities in organization and actions were still in an early stage of development; and more improvement should be done.
(Ⅱ) The execution of a self-proposal depends largely on the guidance and co-management provided by the Yangminshan National Park Administration Office. For example an ongoing campaign for the participation-approach inherent in the ”self-proposal” mechanism, the provision for residents of information on latest development, the proposals for community development and an analysis of residents' economic gains.
(Ⅲ)The authorities should take references from the results of previous projects and give higher priorities to tasks with apparent consensuses but without legal issues. The project should deliver some results to the residents in the shortest possible time in order to boost their morale and confidence. By doing so, it will bring a win-win result to both the Yangminshan National Park Administration Office and residents of the Jhuzihhu Community.

並列關鍵字

Community's self-proposal ； Public participation ； Theory of collaborative planning ； Jhuzihhu Community