闊葉樹育林之研究

A Study on Hardwood Silviculture

劉一新(I-Hsin Liu)

《中華林學季刊》 43卷4期 (2010/12) Pp. 569-579

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.201012.0005

摘要

本研究自1998~2002年於林業試驗所太麻里研究中心轄區進行，經天然林植群調查發現，牛樟、小西氏賽楠、木荷等三種優勢樹種，可列為轄區造林之備選樹種。針對6筆齡級各差1年之造林地，經三年重複觀察各樹種之生長現況，樹高以杜英最佳，光臘樹次之，台灣櫸較差，經SAS混合模型重複觀測之檢測結果，三樹種之適應性在統計上並無顯著差異。針對台灣櫸、光臘樹、大葉楠等三樹種之穴植管苗，以長效性粒狀肥料進行施肥測試後發現，若不施肥則苗木生長遲緩，唯以每管1公克即可。為探討造林木種間競爭機制，所進行的混合栽植試驗，於1999年完成樣區設置，並於2000~2002年進行三次生長調查，結果顯示：以純林栽植時，光臘樹與樟樹之生長差異不顯著，唯均較烏心石為優。就混植之組成而言，光臘樹純林之生長優於與樟樹或烏心石混植者；樟樹與光臘樹混植時，其生長與純林之差異不顯著，唯與烏心石混植時，其生長則劣於純林。烏心石與其他二樹種混植，生長有優於純林之趨勢。唯因調查時林冠仍未鬱閉，各樹種之種間競爭尚未發生，故仍須進行持續性監測，以獲得更進一步的資訊。

關鍵字

混合林 ； 重複觀測 ； 種間競爭 ； 牛樟 ； 小西氏賽楠 ； 木荷 ； 台灣櫸 ； 光臘樹 ； 烏心石 ； 樟樹 ； 杜英 ； 大葉楠

並列摘要

Four major works of this study including vegetation investigation of natural hardwood forest, growth investigation of young hardwood plantations, fertilizing test of hardwood seedlings and the test of mixed hardwood stands were accomplished at the area of Taimali Research Centre, TFRI during 1998 to 2002. According to the results of vegetation investigation, three dominant tree species in the natural forest: Cinnamomun micranthum, Machilus konishi and Schima superba were suggested to be the proper tree species for establishing hardwood plantations at Taimalli area. Monitoring the growth trend of 6 young stands with different age for 3 years, the results implicited that Elaeocarpus apiculatus had the best growth reaction, Fraxinus formosana, the middle, and Zelkova formosana, the worst, but further analysis of SAS PROC MIXED model shows no significant variation occurred in the growth reactions of these three tree species. The results of fertilizing test focusing on the seedlings of Zelkova formosana, Fraxinus formosana and Machilus japonica showed that 1gm per tube was the proper quantity to apply, while slow growth and disease phenomenon occurred on the un-fertilized seedlings. A mixed stand of three hardwood species with 9 different pure/mixed models was established in 1999 and investigated annually from 2000 to 2002, the results of ANOVA analysis showed that no significant variation occurred between the growth condition of Fraxinus formosana and Cinnamomum camphora pure stands, and both stands were better than that of Michelia formosana. Compare with the mixed models, Fraxinus formosana pure stand had better growth than mixed with Cinnamomum camphora or Michelia formosana, Cinnamomum camphora pure stand had no significant growth variation than mixed with Fraxinus formosana but better than mixed with Michelia formosana, only Michelia formosana obtained the better growth reaction when mixed with the other 2 tree species. Due to that the canopy was still not closed at that time, a long-term monitoring is necessary to collect further data and refine the study.

並列關鍵字

Mixed stands ； Repeated measure ； Interspecies competition ； Cinnamomun micranthum ； Machilus konishi ； Schima superba ； Zelkova formosana ； Fraxinus formosana ； Michelia formosana ； Cinnamomum camphora ； Elaeocarpus apiculatus ； Machilus japonica