專家學者對政府與原住民族施行資源共同管理認知之研究

Experts' Perception of Co-Management of Natural Resources by Government and Aboriginal Communities

吳孟珊(Meng-Shan Wu) ； 吳俊賢(Chin-Shien Wu) ； 李俊志(Chun-Chih Lee)

《中華林學季刊》 45卷1期 (2012/03) Pp. 81-95

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.201203.0007

摘要

台灣原住民族地區資源共同管理辦法通過至今已屆滿3年，但仍缺乏政府與原住民共管資源的真實案例，本研究以問卷評估專家學者對共管要素、共管面臨的限制與共管研究議題的認知。研究結果包括（1）受訪者對共管要素的認知，以「當地原住民有參與意願」及「有溝通協商的管道或機會」為相對重要的先決條件；而「邊做邊學」的重要性偏低，可見適應性共管的理念尚未被普遍接受。（2）在共管面臨的困境方面，「不夠明確的權利、方法與責任」、「權力不對稱」、「政府不願意分享權力」、「對資源管理價值觀的差異」等制度因素，是受訪者認為較重要的困境，此看法與研究面向的調查結果相呼應，顯示制度設計與執行是未來應著手解決的問題。（3）此外，原住民與非原住民受訪者在共管要素、共管困境及未來研究面向的認知存在許多差異，這顯示共管之實行應加強與在地原住民溝通及交換資訊，方能實踐共管的精神。

關鍵字

共管 ； 調適性共管 ； 原住民

並列摘要

Taiwan passed the Aboriginal Community Resources Co-management Act three years ago; however, there are yet to be any real cases. The study uses questionnaires to investigate experts' perception in terms of the core components, the difficulties in implementation and research directions of co-management. Results show: (1) Co-management ”with willingness of participation from local people” and ”with channels or opportunities for negotiation” are more important antecedents. Furthermore, the small value of ”learning by doing” shows that the concept of adaptive co-management has not been well accepted. (2) The core barriers co-management implementation faces include ”unclear defined rights and responsibilities,” ”unbalanced power relationship,” ”the government's unwillingness to share power,” and ”difference of values for resource management.” These institutional barriers fit the survey results of the research, which indicates we should enhance the design of the system and enforce legal mandates. (3) There are many differences in co-management perception between aborigines and non-aborigines. According to the analysis, the authorities should enhance communication and information exchange with local aborigines to make a practicable co-management.

並列關鍵字

Co-management ； Adaptive co-management ； Aboriginal people