種用有機土雞飼養模式評估

Evaluation of Feeding Model of Organic Native Chicken Breeders

林義福(Yih-Fwu Lin) ； 劉曉龍(Hsiao-lung Liu) ； 洪哲明(Che-Ming Hung) ； 蔡銘洋(Ming-Yang Tsai) ； 謝昭賢(Chao-Hsien Hsieh)

《台灣農學會報》 14卷4期 (2013/08) Pp. 341-353

https://doi.org/10.6730/JAAT.201308_14(4).0003

摘要

本研究旨在探討種用有機土雞飼養模式及其可行性評估，以行政院農業委員會畜產試驗所1日齡二元雜交種用土雞為試驗動物，有機組使用台畜公11號20隻及台畜母12號100隻，對照組使用台畜公11號10隻及台畜母12號50隻。有機組以有機碎米及有機大豆為主要飼料原料，飼糧粗蛋白質含量於0～8、9～20及21～44週齡分別為18.5%、15.5%及17.03%。對照組以玉米-大豆粕為主，粗蛋白質與對照組相似（差距1%內）。育成期每4週測平均體重及體增重，繁殖期每日記錄產蛋及蛋重，於40週齡測雞蛋品質，並於27、31、38及42週齡測定受精率及孵化率。育成期試驗結果顯示，對照組公雞於4及8週齡平均體重顯著高於有機組（P＜0.05），但12～20週齡公雞及母雞兩組均無顯著差異。繁殖期結果顯示，達5%產蛋率，有機組較對照組慢（21週齡vs.20週齡），於隻日產蛋率，24至38週齡對照組大於有機組，39週齡以後兩組趨於相似。受精率及孵化率方面，31至42週齡對照組顯著大於有機組（P＜0.05），其他週齡受精率及孵化率則無顯著差異。綜合言之，以有機碎米及有機大豆為主要飼料原料，飼養有機種土雞，於育成期生長性狀與一般實用飼糧並無明顯差異，於繁殖期則略遜於一般實用飼糧，顯示種用有機土雞飼養是一可行方式，惟有機飼料成本及有機雛土雞價格，為飼養業者必須考慮之因素。

關鍵字

有機 ； 種用土雞 ； 飼養

並列摘要

The purpose of this experiment was to examine the organic native chicken breeders' feeding model and evaluate the possibilities of different feeding models. Day-old two-way cross LRI native chicken breeders were used as the experimental animals. In the organic group, 20 Taishu no. 11 males and 100 Taishu no. 12 females were used. In the control group, 10 Taishu no. 11 males and 50 Taishu no. 12 females were used. The organic diets comprised organic rice and soybean, and were formulated to contain 18.5, 15.5 and 17.03% CP at 0-8, 9-20 and 21-40 weeks of age, respectively. The control group was fed corn-soybean diets. The crude protein contents were similar in the two groups (within 1%). In the growing period, average body weight and weight gain were determined every four weeks. In the reproduction period, egg production and egg weight were recorded every day. Egg quality was determined at 40 weeks of age. Fertility and hatchability were determined at 27, 31, 38 and 42 weeks of age. The results indicated the average body weights of males in the control group were higher than those in the organic group at 4 and 8 weeks of age (P ＜ 0.05). From 12-20 weeks of age, no significant difference was found between the two groups in males and females. The results in reproduction period indicated the organic group was one week later than the control group in reaching a 5% egg production rate (21 wks vs. 20 wks). In the hen-day egg production rate, the control group was higher than the organic group from 24-38 weeks of age. Both groups were similar after 39 weeks of age. In fertility and hatchability, the control group was significantly higher than the organic group (P ＜ 0.05) from 31-42 weeks of age. No significant difference was found at the other ages. In general, using organic rice and soybean as the main feed ingredients to feed organic native chicken breeders showed no significant difference in performance during the growth period. The organic group had slightly lower performance than the control group. This study indicates feeding organic native chicken breeders is feasible, however, organic feed cost and the organic chick price are the main concerns for farmers.

並列關鍵字

organic ； native chicken breeder ； feeding