小型風力發電機儲電系統之研製

Power Storage Monitoring System for Small Wind Power Generation

黃振康(Chen-Kang Huang) ； 高毅瑋(Yi-Wei Gao) ； 葉仲基(Chung-Kee Yeh)

《台灣農學會報》 17卷1期 (2016/03) Pp. 23-51

https://doi.org/10.6730/JAAT.201603_17(1).0002

摘要

風力發電機已做為綠能被廣泛使用，風力發電機可略分為大型風力發電機及小型風力發電機。大型風力發電機應用範圍有限，而小型風力發電機應用範圍較不受限，且安裝容易及技術投資門檻低。大型風力發電機多應用於集中式發電，而小型風力發電機多為離網獨立使用，例如偏遠地區、路燈、海上船隻。國際上對於小型風力發電機的定義各有不同，而本研究使用之小型風力發電機 (Small Wind Turbine)，額定功率為600W，額定轉速1300 rpm葉片直徑為1.3 m。由於小型風力發電機多為離網使用的特性，因此儲能設備是必須的，本研究使用鉛酸蓄電池做為儲能設備，然而鉛酸蓄電池老化問題嚴重影響風力發電的用電效率，本研究針對鉛酸電池老化特性提出檢測方法。由於臺北市區風速在3 m/s以下佔有很大的比例，一般小型風力發電機無法有效利用3 m/s以下的微風，因此本研究目的係使用XD-60DC DC-DC昇壓轉換器(Boost Conveter)來提升風力發電機在3 m/s 以下之微風的使用效率。

關鍵字

小型風力發電機 ； 昇壓 ； 電池老化 ； 鉛酸電池

並列摘要

Wind turbines can be classified as either ＂large-sale wind turbines＂ or ＂small- scale wind turbines＂. Small-scale wind turbines have fewer technical limitations than large-scale wind turbines and are also easier to install. Whereas large-scale wind turbines are mostly used for central supplies, small-scale wind turbines are mostly used for distributed generation. There are various definitions of small-scale wind turbines, but the small-scale wind turbine used in this study has a power of 600 W, a rotation speed of 1300 rpm and a diameter of 1.3 meters. The energy storage device is important in small-scale wind turbines because of the characteristics of distributed generation. In this study, lead-acid batteries are used as the energy storage device. Since aging in lead-acid batteries significantly affects the efficiency of wind power generation, this study proposes a method to monitor the aging of lead-acid batteries. Wind speeds are commonly less than 3 m/s in Taipei city. However a small-scale wind turbine cannot efficiently. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to increase the efficiency of use of a wind power generator under a light wind speed of 3 m/s by means of a DC-DC boost converter (XD-60DC).

並列關鍵字

Small-scale wind turbine ； boosting of voltage ； aging of batteries ； lead-acid batteries