臺灣肉品市場經營績效之研究

A Study on Business Efficiency for Meat Markets Taiwan

蔡建宗(Chien-Chung Tsai) ； 簡立賢(Li-Hsien Chien)

《台灣農學會報》 18卷2期 (2017/06) Pp. 189-212

https://doi.org/10.6730/JAAT.201706_18(2).0006

摘要

肉品市場在國內具有調節毛豬生產端飼養頭數及穩定需求端價格水準功能，是以肉品市場營運狀況與養豬產業發展及消費者權益具有高度之相關。本研究利用資料包絡分析法(DEA)之變動規模報酬(BCC)模式，採取「人事費」及「業務費」兩項投入與「管理費」及「屠宰相關費」兩項產出進行分析，評估2014年全國共20處肉品市場之經營績效，輔以麥氏生產力指數(MPI)分析2012年至2014年間前述市場三年間效率指標變動情形，結果顯示，2014年度經營績效相對具效率之肉品市場有新竹縣等7處；經營型態上，公司制較市場制更符合效率的要求，公司制中又以縣市政府獨資經營的公司型態績效表現尤為突出。另外，透過象限分析2012至2014年期間所有肉品市場之總要素生產力後顯示：臺中市大安區等7處乃歸屬為競爭力高且具有持續發展潛力的市場。研究結果發現市場經營上不宜一味追求規模，若干市場並可考慮適度調整投入產出項，以達技術效率之最適。研究結果顯示若干市場呈現過度擴張進而影響技術效率表現，因此推動市場整合的可行性也許值得進一步討論。

關鍵字

肉品市場 ； 經營績效 ； 資料包絡分析法 ； 麥氏生產力指數

並列摘要

Meat wholesale market plays an important role in adjusting pig supply at the farmgate and in stabilizing pork price in the retail market. Therefore, the performance of meat wholesale market influences the development of domestic hog industry and consumer living significantly. This study adapts the variable return to scale (BCC/VRS) specification of the data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach to evaluate the business efficiency for 20 domestic meat wholesale markets in Taiwan in 2014, by considering two inputs, personal costs and miscellaneous, and two outputs, auction income and slaughtering service income. The Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) is applied to analyze the scale of productivities changed from 2012 to 2014 for the individual markets. Statistical results show that 7 markets are relatively efficient than others in 2014. Also the results indicate that individual market performance maybe influenced by its business entity. Public-owned markets are more superior in efficiency than the private-owned type; further, those public-owned markets with solely investment by local government are even more productive. Through the matrix analysis, business performances for Taichung Da-an and rest 7 meat markets present the potential by showing highly competitive and sustainable outcomes. Our result shows that a scale-achieving goal may not be the prior policy for meat market to approaching the operational performance. Due to the unstable domestic hog supply, many meat markets were diagnosed as over-scaled firms with abundant facilities. Therefore, should a market integration policy be applied may be discussed.

並列關鍵字

Meat market ； business efficiency ； data envelopment analysis ； Malmquist Productivity Index

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