後冷戰時期中、東歐地區權力結構分析

The Power Structure in Central and Eastern Europe after the Cold War

楊三億(San-Yi Yang)

《問題與研究》 41卷2期 (2002/03) Pp. 89-103

https://doi.org/10.30390/ISC.200203_41(2).0005

摘要

自前蘇聯瓦解、前東歐共黨地區紛紛實施政治民主化、經濟自由化的改革以來，俄國及中歐、東歐國的政治經濟改革及其發展局勢，近期逐漸成為歐洲研究焦點，波蘭、捷克、匈牙利三國已於一九九九年三月成為北約組織的會員國，其他前東歐共黨國家目前多數也在申請加入的名單之列。對中、東歐國而言，國家全安至上是這些國從歷史學習側的重要經驗，如何保障國家獨立自主成為此等國家上下一致的主要目標。從權力結構的角度出發，本文試圖探討中、東歐地后的權力真空狀態如何受到歐洲權力結構的影響，並進一步探討歐洲安全體系的建立，以及權力運作的若干可能結果。

關鍵字

中歐 ； 東歐 ； 單極體系 ； 體系成員 ； 權力真空 ； 權力填補

並列摘要

The historical record does not offer much comfort to Central and Eastern Europe when they consider how best to guarantee the security of their peoples. During the cold war period, Poland, Czech, and Hungry belonged to the Soviet bloc; nevertheless, with the collapse of Soviet Union, these countries soon shifted to the western bloc. The remaining countries still face power vacuums will give rise to power competition; that is to say, the process the transformation of pre-communist bloc is confronting anther round of power struggling.
This research focuses on the transformation of this region. First, the paper will review the theory of realism and clarify some related concepts. Then it will extend the discussion to the three layers of analysis: hegemony, second-tier, and general system actors. At the same time the paper points out potential influential variables. The paper ends by drawing several conclusions.

並列關鍵字

Central and East Europe ； unipolar system ； system actors ； power vacuum ； power fill-up

參考文獻

Baylis, T. A.(1996).Presidents versus Prime Ministers: Shaping Executive Authority in Eastern Europe.World Politics.48(3)

Breuning, M., Ishiyama, J. T.(1999).Aiding The Former Enemy: Testing Explanations for Foreign Assistance to Eastern Europe and the FSU.International Politics.36

Dannreuther, R.(1997).Eastward Enlargement.Oslo:Norwegian Institute for Defense Studies.

Davies, N.(1984).Heart of Europe.New York:Oxford University Press.

Hyde-Price, A.(1996).The International Politics of East Central Europe.Manchester:Manchester University Press.