ECFA與韓國的因應措施

本論文目的在於，針對韓國與臺灣及中國貿易結構，探討兩岸ECFA對韓臺經貿關係的影響。韓國與中華民國臺灣皆是以出口為導向的國家，經濟成長主要依靠對外出口。兩國的經濟、產業結構相似、出口市場重疊，在國際市場成為競爭對手。韓、臺最大的出口市場都是中國，對中國的主要出口產品同質性高，在中國市場難免形成激烈競爭。兩岸簽署ECFA之後，臺灣較韓國擁有較大的價格優勢，將會削弱韓國在中國市場的競爭力，這對韓國的外貿而言，堪稱一場災難。為了渡過兩岸簽署ECFA的難關，韓國需加速與中國簽訂FTA。然而，基於韓國推進FTA戰略的順序及韓中對FTA談判方式及敏感領域（包括農業）的看法分歧，雙邊FTA談判短期內似難有成果。臺灣是韓國的第5大貿易夥伴，其在中國和東南亞與華商享有文化及語言上的緊密關係，經貿方面也具有密切的互動網絡。因此，隨著兩岸經貿合作領域的擴大，韓國希望與臺灣加強經貿合作，進而積極爭取中國與東南亞市場。從此一面向來看，ECFA未嘗不是加強韓臺關係的契機。

關鍵字

ECFA ；韓國；中國；臺灣；韓臺關係

並列摘要

The goal of this paper is to examine impact of the ECFA on economic and trade relations between South Korea and Taiwan from trade structure among three counties. South Korea and the Republic of China at Taiwan are export-oriented countries that mainly rely on economic growth by export. Both countries have become competitive on the international market as their bilateral economic and industrial structures are similar and export markets overlapping. China is both countries' largest export market and there exist homogeneity of their main export items to China. Therefore both countries are in serious attempts to avoid making cutthroat competition with each other in the Chinese market. After the signing of the cross-strait ECFA, Taiwan gains a much higher price advantage than South Korea, and may weaken South Korea's competitive position in China. This signals disaster to South Korea's foreign trade, and surely South Korea needs to swiftly contract the FTA with China to tide over the cross-strait ECFA. However, because of South Korea's strategic order to promote FTA and discrepancies in negotiation for sensitive areas (i.e. agriculture), FTA negotiations between two counties seem difficult to bear fruit in a short period. Taiwan is South Korea's fifth largest economic and trade partner. Taiwan has a close relationship with China, Southeast Asia. Thus, by expansion of the cross-strait economic and trade cooperation, South Korea hopes to strengthen economic and trade cooperation with Taiwan, and then hopes to actively seek market in China and Southeast Asia. From this point of view, ECFA might be an interesting opportunity to enhance South Korea's relations with Taiwan.