Serum Antioxidants and Age-related Macular Degeneration among Older Japanese

日本老人血清中抗氧化物質與老年黃斑病變之關係

Takehiro Michikawa ； Susumu Ishida ； Yuji Nishiwaki ； Yuriko Kikuchi ； Tazuru Tsuboi ； Kanae Hosoda ； Ai Ishigami ； Satoko Iwasawa ； Makiko Nakano ； Toru Takebayashi

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 18卷1期 (2009/03) Pp. 1-7

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2009.18.1.01

摘要

在人類營養之前瞻性研究中發現，透過飲食控制老年黃斑病變（AMD）是可行且受期望的。我們調查居住社區且攝食傳統飲食之日本老人，其血清中抗氧化物質與AMD之關係。本研究共有722位受試者（297位男性與425位女性），年齡為65歲以上，都已做眼基底攝像。將受試者分為三組，分別為早期AMD、晚期AMD及未有黃斑病變組。血清中抗氧化物質（α-生育醇、γ-生育醇、維生素A、β-隱黃質、α-胡蘿蔔素、β-胡蘿蔔素、茄紅素、葉黃素及玉米黃質）利用高性能液相色層分析測量。為闡明抗氧化物質的結合性效用，定義胡蘿蔔素家族有α-胡蘿蔔素、β-胡蘿蔔素及茄紅素；類胡蘿蔔素家族包括β-隱黃質、α-胡蘿蔔素、β-胡蘿蔔素、茄紅素、葉黃素及玉米黃質。將血清抗氧化物質濃度分為三分位，利用單變項及多變項分析，比較早期AMD及晚期AMD之盛行率。早期AMD之盛行率為4.4％（95％信賴區間為3.1-6.2），而晚期AMD盛行率為1.1％（95％信賴區間為0.5-2.2）。只有α-生育醇及β-隱黃質有單獨效應，與晚期AMD相關。另一方面，胡蘿蔔素及類胡蘿蔔素家族有整體性效用，對晚期AMD有保護性。然而血清中抗氧化物質與早期AMD無關聯。本研究發現可支持作者之假說，即從傳統日本飲食中獲得的血清中抗氧化物質，可共同作用保護晚期AMD，但於早期AMD中未發現相同之結果。

關鍵字

血清抗氧化物質 ； 老年黃斑病變 ； 飲食 ； 年長者 ； 日本

並列摘要

From the perspective of human nutrition, the prevention of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) through diet control is feasible and desirable. We investigated the relationship between serum antioxidants and AMD in the community-dwelling older Japanese eating a typical Japanese diet. In this study, 722 subjects aged 65 years or older (297 males and 425 females) who had gradable fundus photographs were included. The subjects were divided into three groups of early or late AMD or non-maculopathy. Serum antioxidants (alpha-, gammatocopherols, retinol, beta-cryptoxanthin, alpha-, beta-carotenes, lycopene, and lutein and zeaxanthin) were measured with high-performance liquid chromatography. To clarify the combined effect as the group of the antioxidants, we defined the carotene family (alpha-, beta-carotenes and lycopene) and carotenoid family (betacryptoxanthin, alpha-, beta-carotenes, lycopene, lutein and zeaxanthin). Tertiles of each serum antioxidant were obtained and the prevalence of early or late AMD was compared with univariate or multivariate analysis. The overall prevalence of early AMD was 4.4% (95% confidence interval: 3.1-6.2) and late AMD was 1.1% (0.5-2.2). Only alpha-tocopherol and beta-cryptoxanthin were related to late AMD as single antioxidants. On the other hand, the carotene and carotenoid families as a combination of antioxidants were protectively associated with late AMD. No relationship was found between serum antioxidants and early AMD. Our findings support the hypothesis that a combination of serum antioxidants obtained from the traditional Japanese diet is protective for late AMD, but not for early AMD.

並列關鍵字

serum antioxidants ； Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) ； diet ； aged ； Japan