- 期刊
Nutritional Adequacy of Energy Restricted Diets for Young Obese Women
熱量限制膳食在年輕肥胖女性的營養適足度
摘要
目標：熱量限制膳食可能使營養素攝取不足，因而本篇研究利用膳食模式，評估針對年輕肥胖女性減重計畫設計的熱量限制膳食之營養適足程度。方法：設計出每日6000kJ的葷食膳食模式，利用澳洲食品成份資料庫找出營養素含量，再與澳洲19-30歲女性的營養素建議量（NRVs）比較。其中一種膳食模式屬較高醣類飲食（HC），是根據澳洲健康飲食指南對19-60歲女性的建議設計。另一種為較高蛋白質飲食（HP），是由CSIRO Total Wellbeing Diet衍變而來。另外也設計這兩種膳食模式的全素和蛋奶素版本，並與素食者的營養素建議量比較。結果：兩種葷食的膳食模式所提供的營養素都達到平均需要量（EAR）或足夠攝取量（AI）。除了鐵，其他營養素均滿足膳食建議攝取量（RDI）。當一周中有三天攝取紅肉和鐵強化的穀類時，HC飲食和HP飲食的鐵攝取量分別達到RDI的75±30%和81±31%；但即使紅肉的攝取天數增加到七天，鐵的供給量仍未及RDI。全素和蛋奶素飲食提供的鐵量都低於RDI，且全素飲食的含鋅量低於平均需要量。結論：每日提供6000 kJ的葷食膳食模式，除了鐵，其餘營養素皆達到RDI。全素飲食中的鐵和鋅分別未達素食者的RDI和EAR。
並列摘要
Aim: Energy restricted meal plans may compromise nutrient intake. This study used diet modelling to assess the nutritional adequacy of energy restricted meal plans designed for weight management in young obese women. Methods: Diet modelling of 6000 kJ/d animal protein based meal plans was performed using Australian nutrient databases with adequacy compared to the Australian Nutrient Reference Values (NRVs) for women (19-30 years). One diet plan was based on the higher carbohydrate (HC) version of the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating for women 19-60 years. An alternative higher protein (HP) plan was adapted from the CSIRO Total Wellbeing Diet. Vegan and lacto-ovo versions of these plans were also modelled and compared to the appropriate vegetarian NRVs. Results: Both animal protein diets met the estimated average requirement (EAR) or adequate intake (AI) for all nutrients analysed. The recommended dietary intake (RDI) was also satisfied, except for iron. HC met 75±30% and HP 81±31% of the iron RDI when red meat and iron fortified cereal were both included three days a week, and remained below the RDI even when red meat was increased to seven days. Iron for the modified vegan (57±5% HC; 66±4% HP) and lacto-ovo (48±6% HC; 59±7% HP) plans was below the RDI and zinc below the EAR for the vegan (76±8% HC; 84±9% HP) plans. Conclusion: The 6000 kJ/d animal protein meal plans met the RDI for all nutrients except iron. Iron and zinc failed to meet the vegetarian RDI and EAR respectively for the vegan plans.