Trends in Nutrient and Dietary Intake among Adults and the Elderly: From NAHSIT 1993-1996 to 2005-2008

臺灣成人與老人營養素及食物攝取來源之變遷趨勢：由NASHIT 1993-1996到2005-2008

Shin-Jiuan Wu ； Wen-Harn Pan ； Nai-Hua Yeh ； Hsing-Yi Chang

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 20卷2期 (2011/06) Pp. 251-265

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2011.20.2.15

摘要

本研究之目的在探討臺灣1993-1996至2005-2008年，成人與老人的營養素及其食物攝取來源之變遷趨勢，以提供營養健康相關決策之參考。研究對象與資料分析來源是以2005-2008年（19歲以上）「臺灣營養健康狀況調查」（NAHSITⅢ）中，不同性別、年齡及地區的成人與老人24小時飲食回憶資料。該資料運用四個主要食品成分資料庫及SAS與SUDAAN統計軟體進行分析，並進一步與1993-1996年（19-64歲）、1999-2000年（65歲以上）的調查結果相比較。研究結果發現：成人與老人對「榖類與富含澱粉植物性食品」的攝取量減少，以至於膳食纖維攝取量降低；但對「富含醣類便利食品」的攝取量卻增加，並提供了10-20g的脂肪。此外，已有較多人會選用脂肪含量較低的家畜類及其製品，但19-64歲男、女性對肉類的攝取量分別高達9與6份，而致蛋白質、膽固醇與飽和脂肪酸的攝取過量。19-30歲男、女性的蔬菜類攝取都不足。各年齡層對水果、乳製品、堅果的攝取量低，對各類加工食品所含的潛在脂肪與鈉攝取量過高等問題，應予重視，因此建議加強教育民眾避免攝取過量。此外，也應留意19-64歲男性、19-30歲女性對熱量、肉魚豆蛋類、加工食品、含糖飲料的攝取是否過量；並留意老人有多種營養素攝取量低於DRI的問題。

關鍵字

24小時回憶法 ； 食物來源 ； 飲食攝取 ； 營養素 ； 臺灣營養健康狀況變遷調查

並列摘要

The aim of this study was to investigate trends in nutrients and sources of dietary intake for Taiwanese people from the Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (NAHSIT) 1993-1996 to 2005-2008. Twenty-four hour dietary recall data were obtained from the 2005-2008 NAHSIT. The results showed that intake of cereals and grains, and dietary fiber has decreased, whereas intake of carbohydrate rich convenience foods has increased. As a result, 10-20 g of dietary fat is now obtained from carbohydrate rich foods. A greater proportion of Taiwanese are choosing low-fat meat products, however, excessive intake of meat by men and women aged 19 to 64 years is resulting in excessive intakes of protein, cholesterol and saturated fat. Men and women aged 19 to 30 years had insufficient intakes of fruit and vegetables. Consumption of fruit, dairy/products, and nuts was low in all age groups. We recommend strengthening public nutrition education and changing diet related environment to improve dietary quality and food group distributions. Issues of concern include excessive intakes of energy and the soybean/fish/meat/eggs food group in all subjects, high amount of processed foods and refined-carbohydrate rich foods in men aged 19 to 64 years and women aged 19-30 years, as well as intakes below the DRI for a variety of nutrients in elderly persons.

並列關鍵字

24-hour recall ； dietary intake ； food sources ； nutrients ； Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (NAHSIT)