Red Meat Intake may Increase the Risk of Colon Cancer in Japanese, a Population with Relatively Low Red Meat Consumption

在一個紅肉攝取相對較低民族日本，攝取較多紅肉會增加結腸癌罹患風險

Ribeka Takachi ； Yoshitaka Tsubono ； Keisuke Baba ； Manami Inoue ； Shizuka Sasazuki ； Motoki Iwasaki ； Shoichiro Tsugane

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 20卷4期 (2011/12) Pp. 603-612

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2011.20.4.14

摘要

亞洲人口飲食從傳統飲食轉變為西式飲食，紅肉的攝取量也隨之增加。然而，一些前瞻性研究已證實，這些人的結腸直腸癌的發展最可能受到攝取紅肉的不良影響。我們在一個日本的大型世代研究，評估男女性在紅肉及加工肉品的攝取與特定部位結腸直腸癌的罹患風險之間的相關性。在1995-1998年間，80,658位45-74歲男女性填寫了一份經過效度測試食物頻率問卷。至2006年底，共追蹤了758,116人年，有1,145個結腸直腸癌病例被診斷。紅肉攝取較高的女性參與者，其罹患結腸癌的風險顯著較高［攝取最多的五分之一比起最低的五分之一，其複迴歸危害比（95%信賴區間）：1.48（1.01, 2.17; 趨勢 p=0.03）］；男性則是總肉類攝取較高者，其風險也顯著較高［危害比=1.44（1.06, 1.98; 趨勢p=0.07）］。就特定部位而言，女性在近端結腸癌具有正相關，而男性則為遠端結腸。加工肉品的攝取與罹患結腸或直腸癌的風險皆不具相關性。總之，以西方的標準而言，中年日本人攝取紅肉最多的五分之一的量僅算中等量，但是已經足以增加罹患風險。

關鍵字

肉 ； 結腸癌 ； 直腸癌 ； 前瞻性研究 ； 日本

並列摘要

Asian populations have changed from traditional to Westernized diets, with increased red meat intake. They are suggested to be particularly susceptible to the adverse effects of red meat on the development of colorectal cancers, however, few prospective studies of this putative link have been conducted. We examined associations between the consumption of red and processed meat and the risk of subsite-specific colorectal cancer by gender in a large Japanese cohort. During 1995-1998, a validated food frequency questionnaire was administered to 80,658 men and women aged 45-74 years. During 758,116 person-years of follow-up until the end of 2006, 1,145 cases of colorectal cancer were identified. Higher consumption of red meat was significantly associated with a higher risk of colon cancer among women [multivariate hazard ratios (95%CIs) for the highest versus lowest quintiles (HR): 1.48 (1.01, 2.17; trend p=0.03)], as was higher consumption of total meat among men [HR=1.44 (1.06, 1.98; trend p=0.07)]. By site, these positive associations were found for the risk of proximal colon cancer among women and for distal colon cancer among men. No association was found between the consumption of processed meat and risk of either colon or rectal cancer. In conclusion, red meat intake may modestly increase the risk of colon cancer in middle-aged Japanese, although the highest quintile of red meat consumption could be considered moderate by Western standards.

並列關鍵字

meat ； colon cancer ； rectal cancer ； prospective studies ； Japan