Food Systems and Life Expectancy with Rapid Urbanisation in Provincial China

快速都市化下的中國各省糧食系統及平均餘命

Arisa Butacnum ； Rawadee Chongsuwat ； Akkarach Bumrungpert

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 預刊文章 Pp. 14-27

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.112015.08

摘要

背景與目的：健康指標如存活狀況、失能極小化及安適，被認為與糧食及生態系統有關。都會糧食系統與健康問題的關連需要一個關鍵且整體的措施。多數城市目前的健康轉變可歸因於糧食安全及食品安全的糧食系統缺失。健康問題需要重新建構醫療及營養的概念。方法與研究設計：本研究是基於糧食與相關生態系統受中國快速都市化影響所推斷的狀況分析。使用一個生態資訊矩，發展出一個可影響糧食系統結果與促進健康及安適的城市糧食系統十個指標。資料來源為16個涵蓋中國31省的國家統計局資料庫。這些指標包含區域、氣候、生物多樣性、基礎建設、交通、人口結構、生計、娛樂及社會化、個人安全及溝通。各省的指標計分為1（嚴重）到5（最佳），將此分數代入複迴歸分析，以預測中國整體的平均餘命。結果：最佳模式解釋70%的變異，其中人口結構（未成年人口的比例，-0.52，p＜0.0001）及生計（糧食支出，0.31，p＜0.05）的迴歸係數達統計顯著水準。結論：人口特性及生計與糧食安全的相關，可以大幅解釋平均餘命這個健康指標。提供一個涵蓋這些資訊的指標，能評估隨著都市化現階段及前瞻糧食系統相關的健康議題。

關鍵字

生態健康失調 ； 都市化 ； 鄉村 ； 糧食系統 ； 平均餘命

並列摘要

Background and Objective: Postprandial glycemic control is important for prevention of diabetes. Black tea consumption may improve postprandial glycemic control. The major bioactive compounds are polyphenols, black tea polymerized polyphenol (BTPP).This study examined the effect of black tea consumption on postprandial blood glucose and insulin response following sucrose loading in normal and pre-diabetes subjects. Methods and Study Design: This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. Twenty-four subjects, male and female aged 20-60 years, normal and pre-diabetic, randomly ingested a sucrose solution with a low dose (110 mg BTPP), a high dose (220 mg BTPP) of black tea drink or a placebo drink (0 mg BTPP). Blood samples were collected at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min from commencement of drink ingestion to measure blood glucose and insulin levels. Results: The drink containing low dose and high dose BTPP significantly decreased incremental blood glucose area under the curve (AUC) after sucrose intake compared with placebo in the normal (T0-60 min 3,232±356 vs 3,295±312 vs 3,652±454 mg.min/dL; p=0.016) and pre-diabetic subjects (T0-60 min 2,554±395 vs 2,472±280 vs 2,888±502 mg.min/dL; p=0.048). There was no statistically significant difference of changes in insulin levels between the placebo and black tea groups (p＞0.05). No significant differences in adverse effects were observed with the placebo, low dose and high dose of BTPP groups. Conclusion: Black tea consumption can decrease postprandial blood glucose after sucrose intake.

並列關鍵字

glycemic control ； diabetes ； black tea ； black tea polymerized polyphenols ； catechins