Self-reported health problems related to traditional dietary practices in postpartum women from urban, suburban and rural areas of Hubei province, China: the ‘zuò yuèzi’

背景与目的：本研究的目的是了解来自中国湖北省三个地区产褥期妇女健康问题的患病率，及其与中国传统产后饮食习惯及行为的关系。方法与研究设计：在中国湖北省选取有代表性的城市、城郊、农村地区开展横断面研究，2100名近两年内分娩出足月单胎的妇女被纳入研究，由统一培训的调查者通过问卷调查她们的产褥期饮食、行为和健康问题。结果：产褥期妇女摄入鸡蛋、鱼类、禽肉、畜肉较多，而水果、蔬菜、奶类较少。她们在妊娠和产后相关的潜在健康问题存在非常高的患病率。59.3%的研究对象自述至少存在一种以上的健康问题。这些健康问题包括：背痛（29.6%）、关节痛/腿抽筋（12.7%）、哺乳困难（19.6%）、便秘（18.7%）、痔疮（11.7%）、头晕/头痛（14.8%）、贫血（10.0%）。多元回归分析显示：产褥期绿叶蔬菜的摄入量及食谱更换的频率与肠道疾病的发病率呈负相关。沐浴和洗头并不会增加产褥期妇女感染的风险。然而，沐浴是背痛和关节痛的危险因素，刷牙是牙龈出血的危险因素。过度的家务劳动是肠道疾病和产后子宫复旧不良的危险因素。结论：中国湖北省产褥期妇女的健康问题发生率较高，某些传统饮食习惯及行为与健康问题的发生率相关。

關鍵字

坐月子；中国女性；信仰；健康问题；产后饮食；产褥期

並列摘要

Background and Objectives: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of maternal health problems in the postpartum period and their association with traditional Chinese postpartum diets and behaviours in three selected regions in Hubei province, China. Methods and Study Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted in urban, suburban and rural areas. A total of 2100 women who had given birth to full-term single infants in the past two years were enrolled. Their postpartum diet, personal behaviours, and health problems were surveyed by trained interviewers. Results: During the puerperium women consumed plentiful eggs, fish, poultry and meats; however, fruit, vegetable and milk consumption were limited. A high prevalence of health problems potentially related to pregnancy and the puerperium were found. At least one such problem was reported by 59.3% of women. The putative postpartum problems were backaches (29.6%), arthralgia or leg clonus (12.7%), breast problems (19.6%), constipation (18.7%), haemorrhoids (11.7%), dizziness or headaches (14.8%), anaemia (10.0%). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that leafy vegetable intake and frequent recipe change in the puerperium were positively associated with less anal diseases. Bathing or hair washing did not increase the risk of maternal infection as belief would have suggested. However, bathing was a risk factor for backache or arthralgia, and tooth brushing was a risk factor for bleeding gums. Excessive housework was a risk factor for anal diseases and disordered uterine involution. Conclusion: Postpartum maternal health problems were prevalent in Hubei province. These were in part associated with postpartum traditional Chinese diets and behaviours.

並列關鍵字

Zuò yuèzi ； Chinese women ； beliefs ； health problems ； postpartum diets ； puerperium

國際替代計量

Self-reported health problems related to traditional dietary practices in postpartum women from urban, suburban and rural areas of Hubei province, China: the ‘zuò yuèzi’

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