臺灣地區學齡青少年營養狀態與肥胖體型增加率關係之研究

Increasing Tendency of Obesity Among Pupils of Taiwan Concomitant with Improvement in Nutritional Status

洪清霖(Chin-Lin Hong) ； 黃伯超(Po-Chao Huang)

《中華民國營養學會雜誌》 4卷2期 (1979/09) Pp. 83-96

https://doi.org/10.6691/JCNS.197909_4(2).0014

摘要

近年來，臺灣民眾的營養狀態似有更長足地進步，而有關熟量過剩所引起的肥胖或過重現象亦漸有增加之慮，尤其城市地區似有所謂的“營養過多”的情形出現；著者等為了探明此種關係的存在，欲瞭解目前肥胖體型發生的程度，遂於民國六十六至六十七年間，以隨機抽樣方式抽檢中小學生共6,348名，分佈於臺灣北部三縣市（臺北市、臺北縣及桃園縣）男生2,708名、女生2,620名，臺灣中南部二縣（嘉義縣、屏東縣）男生521名、女生499名，進行營養生化臨床檢查及體位度測等調查事項。
目前臺灣地區所有維生素缺乏症已較1970年代再顯著地減少，蛋白質及熱量攝食程度雖發現尚存有地域性的差異現象，經分析結果均呈現足夠的水準，這顯示了國人對各種營養素的攝取狀況已獲相當程度的增加；在體格發育力面更獲進一步的增進，反而反映出部份國人熱量攝取量可能較多以致有肥胖現象的趨向發生。
在調查所評估的肥胖體型發生率為3.4%，較七年前的狀況約多出二倍，男子為2.4%，女子為4.4%，城市地區高於鄉鎮地區（3.9%對1.8%），且均隨年齡而增加，山地偏遠區的也不低。因此建議國人今後當需避免過度飲食，以免造成一種新的營養問題。

並列摘要

The nutritional status of the population in Taiwan was significantly improved between 1954 and 1970. On the otherside, it is noticed that there is an increasing tendency of overweight in recent years. Thus, the so-called ”over nutrition” may emerge as a new nutritional problem.
In order to clarify whether this problem is occurring, and if so, what the extent is, the authors carried out a nutrition survey by examining the subjects both clinically and anthropometrically during 1977-1978. The subjects were 6348 pupils of 6-20 years of age, randomly selected from eleven schools in different area of Taiwan.
There was significant decrease in the incidences of several main vitamin deficiencies as compared with those of 1970. By the analysis of the anthropometrical data, it is evident that there is a tendency of overweight which probably reflected the increasing caloric intake of the population. It was estimated that the total prevalence rate of obesity was around 3.4%, twice more than that of the 1970 observation.
Epidemiologically, more girls were obese than boys and both prevalence rates have increased with age and were found more frequently in urban than in rural areas except those of the aboriginals. Some other data were also compared and discussed in this report.
It is suggested that an early preventive measure for obesity has to be applied through proper education on daily food intake.

並列關鍵字

Nutritional status ； Pupils ； Obesity