- 期刊
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電腦輔助營養諮詢
Computer Assisted Nutritional Instruction
摘要
飲食在各種慢性病中佔著極重要的地位，而營養素的計算與分析既費時又費事，因此一套能快速運作而又完整的電腦飲食分析系統是迫切需要的。本研究採用IBM-PC相容之個人電腦，倚天(ET)中文系統，以DBASE語言寫成了飲食分析系統。食物資料庫檔包含504種食物，32種營養素；電腦程式架構分爲飲食分析、算術運算、與分析結果儲存檔。飲食分析部份包括資料庫、個人資料與飲食資料之輸入、以及分析結果之輸出。輸出型式有：三大營養素熱量分配百分比之圓形圖幷與建議量對照、各餐之熱量分配狀况（第八十卡以一方格表示）、食物份數攝取狀况（每格代表八十卡即一份）、營養素攝取量與建議量之比較、營養成份分析表（依餐次和依食物類）。算數運算部份將所有人每天的飲食分析結果求得平均值與標凖差。分析結果儲存檔將所有分析結果以DBASE檔儲存，做爲複雜統計分析時之基本資料檔，有助於大規模的營養調查。本系統之完成可確實評估病人飲食，爲營養從業人員提供一有力的營養教育工具，以及營養諮詢的共同依據，幷做爲臨床營養訓練的制式。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
Dietary management plays an important role in chronic diseases, especially in diabetes mellitus, and yet it is difficult for the patient to get the dietary record and time consuming for the professional to calculate the nutrients intake. A computer assisted nutritional instruction (CANI) based on Rice-Unit 80 Kcal food exchange list, which has proved to improve the knowledge and a practice of patients in our previous studies, was developed. An IBM-compatible personal computer was used, being equipped with a 30-megabyte hard disk, a monochrome monitor and a printer, running under MS-DOS Version 3.1 and ET Chinese system. The CANI was written with DBASE language, the program structure was composed of two major parts: dietary analysis system and statistics system. In dietary analysis system, the data base consists of 504 food items with 32 nutrients each, users can customize the data base by adding an unlimited number of foods; the food records can be input as food names or food codes listed in the window on the right side of the screen and household units or weight in grams; the results of computation and output included the amout of daily energy intake and total nutrients list, a pie chart illustrating percent of calories by the three macronutrients, the number of units (1 unit=80 Kcal) eaten from each exchange group, a bar graph of the percent of RDNA, an octagon profile of index of nutritional quality (INQ) which is the ratio of nutrients provided to caloric requirement, the energy exchange units distributing during the day, and calorie density of each meal. The interindividual arithmetic system can do simple statistics for both personal and dietary data which is a great aid for nutrition survey. This quick, valid, and user friendly computer program is menu driven with on-screen help options available at any step during data entry or nutrient analysis. It is flexible enough for use in a variety of settings including clinical, research, epidemiology, academic and other educational programs. In addition, the CANT can monitor the patient's progress in learning the exchange list with the result of out-put. Finally, the computer performs complicated repetitive tasks that is useful in nutritional analysis, but dietary counseling cannot be replaced, and CANI must be integrated into a comprehensive nutrition care program.