棟樹抽出物防除白蟻效能之研究

台灣地處熱帶及亞熱帶，白蟻孳生容易，對白蟻之防治不可忽視，化學藥品之驅除，對環境污染甚大，故天然抗蟲劑之尋求及應用，爲一重要的的課題。棟樹具有抗蟲效能，本研究旨在測定棟樹抽出物防除白蟻之效能，所測試之材料計有棟樹之果實、樹皮、樹葉及種子等四部分，結果得知其抽出物之平均含量以果實爲最多：21.03 (N=10)，其次爲樹葉：(N=10)，樹皮：7.91 (N-10)，而以種子最少：5.36 (N=10)。未經提煉之各種原始粉末直接供白蟻喂食，七天後棟樹之死亡數果實爲20隻(100%)，樹葉部分18隻(90%)，樹皮部分17隻(85%)，種子部分爲13隻(65%)。5%及10%抽出物對白蟻之致死效能比較，亦以果實爲最優，其次爲樹葉及樹皮，而以種子爲最劣，故若欲以棟樹爲殺蟻劑時，當以果實及樹葉爲優先考慮。

關鍵字

棟樹；抽出物；防除白蟻效能；果實；樹皮；樹葉；種子

並列摘要

The extensive reproduction of termites has always been a problem in Taiwan being located in the tropical and subtropical area. Since the pesticides in mass application may cause pollution to the enviroment, natural anti-termite substances could be a better alternative for future termite-control. The extracts from fruits, barks, leaves and seeds of Melia azedarach Linn were collected and tested for their effects on termites. The yields of individual extracts were in the sequnce of fruit＞leaf＞bark＞seed. After feeding terming termites with the unextracted sample powders for 7 days, it should fruit resulting in 20 (100%) deaths, leaf in 18 (90%), bark in 17 (85%), and seed in 13 (65%). The tests with methanol solutions of extracts in 5% and 10% concentrations also showed the highest termicidal effect of fruits, the next of leaves, the third of barks, and the last of seeds, therfore, the fruits and leaves of M. azedarafh Linn. Linn. might be suitable sources of natural anti-termite compounds.

並列關鍵字

Melia azedarach Linn. ； extracts ； anti-termite poperties ； fruits ； barks ； leaves ； seeds

國際替代計量

棟樹抽出物防除白蟻效能之研究

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