- 期刊
五種介質對紅檜等四種省產針葉樹穴植管苗初期生長及水分生理特性之影響
Influence of Five Growing Media on Early Growth and Water Status of Four Coniferous Species Seedlings Grown in dibbling-tubes.
摘要
本試驗以：1.泥炭土－蛭石；2.泥炭土－牛糞堆肥；3.泥炭土－炭化稻殼；4.蛭石－牛糞堆肥；5.炭化稻殼－牛糞堆肥（容積比各為1:1）等5種配方之介質在v-50（容積：50ml）穴植管容器中培育紅檜、台灣二葉松、香杉、及台灣杉等4種苗木，期能選出最佳之介質，供爾後之育苗作業參考。 4種苗木在含有牛糞堆肥之介質中均有較佳之生長速率，且於一年之育苗期中未發生養分缺乏癥狀；於對照組之泥炭土－蛭石介質及泥炭土－炭化稻殼介質中則生長緩慢，且有缺氮之癥狀，顯示以此2種介質培育苗木需行施肥。介質保水能力則以此2種介質較高，試驗結果顯示此2種介質培育苗木並不需要每日灌溉；以其餘3種介質培育此４種針葉樹種苗木，則需每日灌溉一次以上，以提供苗木生長所必需之水分。苗木之水分生理狀態顯示，以保水力較高之介質培育苗木，在每日灌溉之作業情形下，易導致苗木生長幼弱，缺乏環境逆壓之抵抗能力。故育苗作業之水管理，需視介質之物理性質而鑒定其管理標準。由苗木之壓力－容積曲線測試證賓，可由苗木之水分生理狀態測試而推知其養分儲藏量，或其光合作用效率，並預測苗木之耐旱能力。本試驗之結果顯示苗木生長於含水率較低之5號介質中，可經環境誘導產生較強之耐旱能力。 綜合以上試驗結果可推論，以v-50穴植管容器培育此4種針葉樹種苗木，以2號、4號及5號介質為佳，而5號介質更具有可完全取代進口材料之優點。
並列摘要
Five media, i, e. 1:1 (by volume) 1. peat-vermiculite 2. peat-cattls' stool compost; 3. peat-carbonized rice husk; 4. vermiculite-catties' stool compost; and 5. carbonized rice husk-cattles' stool compost, were used in v-50 (50ml) dibbling-tubes to nurse 4 coniferous seedlings (i. e. Taiwan red cypress, Taiwan red pine, Luanta-fir and Taiwania), to choose a suitable medium for later use on nursing coniferous forest tree seedlings. Seedlings of all the four tree ssecies performed good in media content manure (cattles' stool compost), no sympton of malnutrition was found; but in medium No. 1 (1:1 by volume; peat-vermiculite as control) and medium No. 3 (1:1 peat-carbonized rice husk), seedlings grew much slower with nitrogen deficiency symptom, showing a need for fertilization. Since these two media retained high level of water content after stopped irrigation, daily irrigation should not be necessary; but for the other 3 media, daily irrigation is recommended for supplying adequate water to support seeding growth, water status of the seedlings show that frequent irrigation on medium with high water retention capacity resulted in succulent seedlings, which caused poor stress hardiness. It is hypothesed that Irrigation schedule on nursery practices should be depending on the physical characteristics of the media. By comparing pressure-volume curves data of the seedlings in two media, I propose that food (carbohydrates) reserves, or photosynthetic efficiency, and stress hardiness could be estimated by this technique. Arid the result of this study showed that seedlings grown in medium No. 5 have built considerable drought resistance capability, which was induced by drier medium condition. From these results I conclude, media No. 2, 4. and 5 is batter growing media for nursing seedlings of these 4 coniferous tree species in v-50 dibbling-tubes. And medium No. 5 is a good alternative of import materials.