三種品系杉木心材經由不同溶劑萃取後之耐腐性變異

Variations in Decay-Resistance of Heartwoods from Three Cunninghamia lanceolata Forms after Sequential Extractions with Different Solvents

王振瀾(Chen-Lan Wang) ； 林勝傑(Shung-Jai Lin) ； 謝堂州(Tang-Chou Hsieh)

《林業試驗所研究報告季刊》 4卷1期 (1989/03) Pp. 15-22

https://doi.org/10.7075/BTFRI.198903.0015

摘要

本試驗將香杉，大點雨及杉木心材之天然耐腐性及經由不同極性溶劑萃取後之耐腐性加以測定，並探討其變異性。三種品系杉木均為來自蓮華池分所之人工栽培樹種，樹齡約13～14年。萃取溶劑順序為正已烷、乙醚、二氯甲烷、丙酮、甲醇及水。菌種則包括自腐菌Coriolus versicolor及褐腐菌Laetiporus sulpbureus。
結果顯示，白腐菌C. v.對於三種品系心材之腐朽性均較褐腐菌L. s.為強。比較各溶劑抽出量及抽取處理對試材腐朽率之影響，獲知抗菌成分主要存在於正已烷及丙酮抽出物中。另外，大點雨之乙醚抽出物，香杉之水萃取液中均可能含有抗菌成分，值得進一步分析研究。杉木試材經乙醚及二氯甲烷萃取後，腐朽率不昇反降，其原因有待深入探討。

關鍵字

香杉 ； 大點雨 ； 杉木 ； 耐腐性 ； 白腐 ； 褐腐 ； 溶劑

並列摘要

The heartwood decay-resistances of three forms Cunninghamia lanceolata (var. konishii, forma daiten-u, and (Lamb.) Hook) were tested before and after sequential extractions with different solvents. All the C. lanceolata species were planted in Lien-hwa-chi, Nantou, of 13-14 years of age. The solvents used were n-Hexane, Ether, Dichloromethane, Acetone, Methanol and water. The fungi tested were Coriolus versicolor (white rot), and Laetiporus sulphureus (brown rot). It was shown that, for all three C. lanceolata forms, the white rot C. v. resulted in higer rot rate than the brown rot L. s. Considering the amount of extracts and the decay rate of extracted woods, the antifungus components should be mainly in the Hexane and Acetone extracts.
Besides, the ether extract of C. l. forma daiten-u, and the water extract of C. l. var konishii might also contain decay-resistant components.
The unsually low decay-rate of C. l. (Lamb.) Hook after being extracted by ether and dichloromethane deserves further investigation.

並列關鍵字

Cunninghamia lanceolata var. konishii ； C. lanceolata forma daiten-u ； C. lanceolata (lamb.) Hook ； Decay-resistance ； Coriolus versicolor (white rot) ； Laetiporus sulphureus (brown rot) ； solvents