手工紙耐久性之比較：Ⅰ使用環境因子對於上膠手工紙性質之影響

Comparison on the Permanence of Handmade Paper: Part Ⅰ. Effects of Environmental Factors on the Properties of Sized Handmade Papers

李鴻麟(Hong-Lin Lee) ； 張上鎮(Shang-Tzen Chang) ； 王國財(Kuo-Tsai Wang)

《林業試驗所研究報告季刊》 5卷4期 (1990/12) Pp. 233-242

https://doi.org/10.7075/BTFRI.199012.0233

摘要

本試驗目的在於瞭解使用環境因子對於手工紙性質之影響，尋找適宜之保存環境，使得文化藝品的保存期限得以延長，進而做爲改善手工紙耐久性之憑依，研製出耐久性更佳之手工紙，試驗項目包括利用加速耐光試驗箱、恆溫恆濕箱等五種不同的劣化環境，以加速紙張劣化。所分析的宣紙性質包括表面顔色之變化、pH值變化、纖維素黏度變化、纖維素化學成分的改變及耐摺力變化等。試驗的結果得知，八種宣紙經不同條件劣化後，表面顔色産生不同程度之色變，耐光性以淨皮生宣最優，耐溫、耐濕則以熟臘箋最優；纖維素産生酸化作用，使得羥基類及羰基類衍生物含量增加，宣紙之pH值因而降低；纖維素之黏度變化以仿臺灣礬宣最嚴重；蟬翼箋之耐摺力最易受環境影響。有關各種宣紙在不同劣化條件中理化性質之變化與比較，在本文中均一一加以探討。

關鍵字

手工紙 ； 耐久性 ； 耐光性 ； 色變 ； 酸化作用 ； 黏度 ； 耐摺力

並列摘要

The objectives of this research are to study the effects of environmental factors on the properties of sized handmade papers, and to compare the permanence of eight kinds of prepared and purchased handmade papers. Based on the results, the main elements of considerations for improving the permanence of handmade paper can be deduced. And the conservation of papers for Chinese painting and calligraphy can be expected to prolong significantly.
Handmade papers were separately exposed to five different aging conditions, i.e., four different combinations of humidity/temperature conditions in a constant temperature and humidity test chamber and a UV-light/constant humidity & temperature condition in a UVCON accelerated aging chamber. Changes in handmade paper properties, including surface color, pH value, cellulose viscosity, chemical compositions and folding endurance, were examined. The experimental results reveal that a different degree of discoloration occur on the handmade paper surfaces and the amounts of carboxyl and/or carbonyl groups increase after the acidification of cellulose. Unsized handmade paper has the best photostability and the prepared modified-wax-emulsion-sized handmade paper has the best heat and moisture-resistance among all the handmade papers examined. One of the prepared handmade paper sized with rosin-alum has the severest deterioration in cellulose viscosity. The folding endurance of a commercial handmade paper sized with animal glue-alum is most susceptible to environmental influences. The effects of the five different exposure conditions on the changes of properties are also individually compared and discussed in detail.

並列關鍵字

handmade paper ； permanence ； photostability ； discoloration ； acidification ； viscosity ； folding endurance