踐踏對恆春地區二種植生型的影響

Effects of Trampling on Two Vegetation Types in Heng-Chun Tropical Botanical Garden

林國銓(Kuo-Chuan Lin) ； 施炳霖(Bing-Lin Shih) ； 唐盛林(Sheng-Lin Tang)

《林業試驗所研究報告季刊》 8卷4期 (1993/12) Pp. 277-287

https://doi.org/10.7075/BTFRI.199312.0277

摘要

踐踏對地被植生常造成嚴重的干擾，而植物及土壤對踐踏的不同反應，影響到遊憩區的經營管理。經不同的踐踏處理可發現恆春地區陽性及半陽性地被植生型皆隨踐踏數的增加，其覆蓋度明顯下降。此關係呈漸近線型式，即低踐踏時快速下降，超過800次後，下降緩慢。故以集中方式開發據點。可避免大面積地被植生受害。土壤裸露則在超過200次踐踏後呈直線上升，故在開闢高使用率地區時，必須以避免土壤裸露為較優先考慮的條件。代表植生種類變化的種維持性亦隨踐踏數上升而下降，但受害較輕；土壤抗穿透強度的改變也受植生型及踐踏數的影響，但強度的增加不嚴重。

關鍵字

踐踏效應 ； 種覆蓋度 ； 種維持性 ； 土壞裸露 ； 土壤抗穿透強度

並列摘要

Trampling usually causes a serious disturbance on vegetation, and its measurement and control influence the management policy of a recreation area. Two vegetation types (intolerant and tolerant) of grassland in Heng-Chun Tropical Botanical Garden were examined by experimental trampling in early summer. Trampling treatments ranged from 0 to 1,600 passes along trampling lanes. Changes in species cover, species persistence, mineral soil exposure and soil penetration resistance were investigated.
After the treatment, the mean covers of two vegetation types decreased as trampling intensity increased, rapidly at low levels of trampling but slowly at the intensity over 800 passes. This asymptotic relationship indicates that trampling damages can be minimized by concentrating use in space instead of dispersing over large areas. In contrast to vegetation loss, bare soil was exposed after trampling intensities over 200 passes, and the exposure area increased linearly with trampling intensity. Therefore, wherever use intensities are high it is better to consider a site that is resistant to exposure of mineral soil than to select a site with resistant vegetation. Both species persistence, representing the changes of species, and soil penetration resistance, which affected by vegetation types and trampling intensity, changed slightly as trampling intensity increased.

並列關鍵字

Trampling effect ； species cover ； species persistence ； mineral soil exposure ； soil penetration resistance