臺北市幼稚園托兒所兒童意外災害流行病學之研究

An Epidemiologic Study of Accidents on Preschool Children

杜友蘭(Y. L. Duh) ； 葉金川(J. C. Yeh) ； 林芸芸(Y. Y. Lin) ； 趙秀雄(S. H. Chao)

《Journal of Medical Sciences》 3卷3期 (1980/01) Pp. 951-966

摘要

本研究目的在瞭解臺北市學齡前兒童意外災害的狀況，以2919位臺北市幼稚園托兒所兒童作為期一年的觀察，有如下發現：1.學齡前兒童意外災害發生率全年為千分之375.4；2.意外災害的原因中以跌落最多，但以車禍較為嚴重；3. 58%的意外災害發生在家中；4.兒童意外災害的發生與其活動機會有密切關係，其發生以在放假期間、晴天及每日上午10時到11時，下午2時到4時的期間最為多見；5.所有意外災害中，19.8%是中度或重度的傷害，其中並有二個孩童死亡；6.意外災害的發生率男生高於女生，家庭社會階層愈高的兒童其發生率愈高，年齡也隨着增加而發生率升高；7.在發生意外災害和無意外災害的二組兒童之間，其家庭人數，在家庭中的排行，兒童年齡、父親年齡、母親年齡、兄妹數、家庭社會階層、兒童活動量等變數在統計上有顯著的差異。

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to describe the accidental injuries about preschool children in Taipei. Sampled 2919 Kindergarden and nursery children were observed for one year period. The finding are: 1. The accident Incidence rate of preschool children is 375.4/1000 per year. 2. Fall is the leading cause of accident injuries, but motor vehicle accident is the most serious in severity. 3. About 58 per cent of all reported accident occurred at home. 4. The accident of children are correlated with child activity needs. Thus, accident injuries of preschool children are more prevalent during the summer, winter vocation, the sunny day and 10-11 Am, 2-4 PM, of the day. 5. Of all reported accidents, 19.8% were classified as serious and 2 children were died. 6. The family size, birth order, child activity level, children number, father age, mother age, child age are significantly different between the children suffered from accident and non-accident during the period of study.