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Hyperprolactinemic Syndrome
高血乳促素症
摘要
高血乳促素症是最常見的腦垂腺分泌異常症。臨床上可引起男性之性慾減退、陽萎、不孕；女性之月經失調、乳溢、閉經、性機能衰退，以及不孕。造成高血乳促素症之原因很多，血中乳促素濃度愈高，腦垂腺乳促素瘤之機會也愈大。高解析電腦斷層垂腺X光檢查，是目前診斷微小乳促素瘤最好的方法。乳促素瘤可以外科手術治療。微小乳促素瘤手術後，臨床緩解率約達百分之八十五；但巨乳促素瘤則緩解率很低。以Ergot的衍生物Bromocriptine可治療各種原因引起的高血乳促素症。如用以治療乳促素瘤，可使百分之六十至七十病例，血中乳促素降至正常範圍，百分之八十至九十女性患者恢復正常月經週期，並可使一部份之巨乳促素瘤變小，雖然停藥後往往使臨床症狀復發，但目前趨勢已有更多的病患接受Bromocriptine治療。
關鍵字
高血乳促素症並列摘要
The hyperprolactinemic syndrome is one of the commonest disorders of the pituitary gland encountered in clinical medicine. Hyperprolactinemia in human leads to hypogonadism. The higher the level of serum prolactin, the more likely the patient to have prolactinoma. High resolution computed tomography has become the radiologic technique of choice for microadenomas. The treatment of known causes of hyperprolactinemia depends on the specific etiology. There are some options for the therapy. Selective transsphenoidal adenomectomy has a high successful rate for microadenomas. Bromocriptine can decrease the serum prolactin level in almost all causes of hyperprolactinemia, although prolactin rebounds after the withdrawal.