Pathogenicity and Lesions of Mouse Hepatitis Virus Infection in Taiwan

台灣小鼠肝炎病毒感染之病原性和病理變化

呂福江(Fur-Jiang Leu) ； 趙安基(An-Ji Chao) ； 洪昭竹(Chou C. Hong) ； 賴秀穗(Shiow-Suey Lai) ； 王約翰(John Wang) ； 羅富進(Fuh-Jinn Luo) ； 石濟民(Chi-Min Shih) ； 江文標(Wer-Piao E. Chiang)

《Journal of Medical Sciences》 13卷3期 (1992/12) Pp. 163-178

摘要

我們研究台灣小鼠肝炎病毒（MHV）之病原性，共選取了137例之小鼠，利用ELISA檢測抗MHV抗體之有無，其中96例（70.07%）顯示抗體之存在，表示曾經感染過MHV，更有15例顯示非常高之抗體價位。全部具有HMV抗體和大部份不含此抗體之小鼠共105例均予以解剖，並從事病毒分離、光學和電子顯微鏡之觀察、以及免疫組織化學研究。利用抗JHM或抗A59品係之抗MHV抗體，從事免疫螢光和免疫組織化學染色，發現感染之肝臟組織中，含有MHV抗原。在23例之陽性病變中，18例顯示為抗JHV陽性，另5例為抗A59陽性，因此我們認為在台灣MHV感染與JHM品係較為接近。巨觀下，大多數沒有明顯肝臟之病變，只有8例顯示不規則之壞死和點狀出血；光鏡下發現均有甚多不規則之壞死，特別是在被膜下方。而肝臟組織呈現充血和斑駁狀之出血，肝細胞也呈現退化或肥大現象，甚至形成巨細胞，並有嗜中性白血球和單核球之浸潤。腦組織和脊髓顯示輕度之血管周圍單核球浸潤、局灶性壞死、發炎細胞浸潤、及髓鞘質變化。而少數病例在腸胃道、胰臟和骨髓也顯示有病毒之感染。利用電子顯微鏡觀察，7例在肝臟中發現有病毒之顆粒，而此7例在免疫螢光下均發現有MHV之抗原，而其中一例更在腦組織中亦發現有病毒之顆粒。

關鍵字

小鼠肝炎病毒 ； 病原性 ； 肝炎

並列摘要

The pathogenicity and lesions of mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) infection in mice had been studied. A total of 137 cases of mice have been selected for this study. Ninety-six (70.07%) cases of them showed positive for MHV antibody by ELISA test, which indicated a history of MHV infection. Fifteen cases of them showed very strong reactivity. A total of 105 cases including all ELISA positive cases were sacrificed and the viral culture isolation, light and electron microscopic, and immunochemistry were included in this study. Immunofluorescent staining of the infected liver tissues demonstrated the presence of MHV antigen by the use of anti-JHM and anti-A59 antiserum. Immunohistochemical study showed also the same results but the slides can permanently be saved. Eighteen of the twenty-three cases showed positive for anti-JHM antibody and only five cases showed positive for anti-A59 antibody. From this data, we assumed that most of the MHV infection in Taiwan were closely to JHM than to A59 strain. In gross observation, all but eight cases showed no remarkable pathological changes over the liver capsule and the cut surfaces. The eight cases showed irregular small foci of necrosis beneath the capsule as well as focal spotty hemorrhage. Routine H & E stain showed multiple irregular focal necrosis within the liver tissue especially beneath the capsule. The liver issue showed mild congestion with mosaic pattern of hemorrhage. There were degenerated and hypertrophied hepatocytes accompanied with a few giant cell formation and infiltration of neutrophils and mononuclear cells. The brain tissue and spinal cord showed mild perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration, focal necrosis, and inflammatory cells infiltration. Myelin degenerations were also noticed. Light microscopic observation on the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and bone marrow also showed evidence of viral infection in some cases. Electron microscopy had also demonstrated viral particles in the liver tissue of four mice which showed positive for both anti-MHV antibody in the serum and MHV antigen in the liver tissue. In one of these cases, viral particles were also found in the brain tissue adjacent to necrotic foci.

並列關鍵字

Mouse hepatitis virus ； Pathogenicity ； Hepatitis