Primary papillary adenocarcinoma of the rete testis if extremely rare and may be misdiagnosed as a metastatic carcinoma of the testis. A 75-year-old man was admitted due to progressive, painless, enlargement of his testes for several months prior to his first hospitalization. Bilateral orchiectomy was performed and confirmed to be a case of primary testicular cancer. The tumor cells manifested a transition to the normal epithelial cells of the rete testis. They grew in a papillary pattern with delicate fibrovascular cores and occasional psammoma bodies. By immunohistochemistry, this tumor was positive for carcinoembryonic antigen and cytokeratin, but negative for thyroglobulin, alpha-fetal protein, or placental alkaline phosphatase. Electron microscopy showed short microvilli of cytoplasmic border and invagination of nuclei. Twenty- five weeks after orchiectomy combined with local radiotherapy, tumor metastasis to the penile foot skin was noted. Malignant tumor cells in ascites were found at the 28th weeks of hospitalization after first surgical therapy. He was dead from the tumor at the 42th weeks after surgery.