The paper employs the framework of Haufler and Wooton (2010) to establish a model of oligopoly, in order to analyze how two countries with different population sizes in the same economic zone attract foreign direct investment (FDI) via their infrastructure qualities and tax rates. Under free trade and given infrastructure qualities, we derive a result that the population size does not affect the location choice of firms. Under lump-sum taxes, the optimal public infrastructure levels for the more populous country and the less populous country are the same, while the public infrastructure level depends positively on wage and negatively on market size. Despite different country sizes, the lump-sum taxes and tax difference both converge to zero when the two countries have the same quality level of public infrastructure.