- 期刊
父母期望水準不切實際時對子女成就動機之影響
The Effect of Tremendous Discrepancy between Parents' Expectations and Children's Actual Intelligence on the Children's Achievement Motivation
摘要
本研究以J. W. Atkinson的成就動機理論為根據，目的在探討父母的期望水準與子女能力差距過大時，對其子女追求成功的動機傾向及避免失敗的動機傾向之影響。研究受試係以隨機取樣法取自台北市國中二年級學生，共619人。根據受試之父母期望水準及智力分数，以標準分數求其差距程度，凡父母期望水準超過其子女智力分數一個標準差者，為高期望組；而低於一個標準差者，為低期望組；介於正負.20標準差者，為適中期望組。共選出240人，每組各80人（男生45人，女生35人），其智力分数均在80至120範圍之間。本研究之主要發現為：(1)在追求成功的動機傾向方面，適中期望組男生遠較高期望組或低期望組為強烈；(2)高期望組男生的追求成功之動機傾向，較低期望組為強烈；(3)適中期望組女生的追求成功之動機傾向，較低期望組為強烈；(4)在避免失敗的動機傾向方面，高期望組男生較低期望組為強烈。因此，本研究獲得之結論為：父母的期望水準與子女能力差距過大時，對其子女追求成功的動機傾向有不良影響，惟此影響，以男孩子較為明顯。
關鍵字
無資料並列摘要
Purpose: This study was based on J. W. Atkinson's theory of achievement motivation. The purpose was to investigate the effect of tremendous discrepancy between parents' expectations and children's actual intelligence on children's tendency to achieve success and to avoid failure. Procedure: The subjects were 681 8th graders randomly selected from public junior schools in Taipei City. All the subjects were given both Intelligence Test and Questionaire of Parents' Expectations. Then translate their scores on these two tests into standard scores respectively. The children whose parents' expectation levels were higher than one standard deviation of the children's intelligence score were considered to be the high expectation group and those whose levels were lower than one standard deviation of intelligence score were the low expectation group. All the children whose parents' expectation levels and the children's intelligence score were of a standard score of ± .20 were considered to be moderate expectation group. The subjects were divided into three groups as mentioned above, each consisting of 80 persons (45 boys and 35 girls) with intelligence score from 80 to 120.