Change of Psychological Needs Over Thirteen Years

心理需求在十三年間的轉變

黃堅厚(Chien-Hou Hwang)

《教育心理學報》 9期 (1976/06) Pp. 85-93

https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.19760601.7

摘要

民國五十二年筆者曾以其所修訂之「艾德華斯個人興趣量表」研究我國大學生的心理需要，並曾爲文報告其結果。現爲探討該批受試者在前次受測十三年後，心理需求轉變的情形，乃設法與彼等聯絡，請其就「艾氏量表」再填答一次，有160人（男女各半）按時填答寄囘。將此次所得結果與十三年前所收集之資料相較，發現兩者之間有明顯差異。這羣已於十―十二年前畢業的受試，在成就，秩序，愛戀，攻擊，自主，支配等方面之需求顯有增加；而在親和，省察，求援，謙遜等方面之需求則顯著减低。據初步分析，此項轉變主要似爲個人發展及成就之結果，整個社會變遷之影響似屬次要；同時這些需要轉變情形也似乎是以「艾氏量表」的因素爲單位，支持筆者以往所作的艾氏量表因素分析。

並列摘要

Summary: One hundred and sixty subjects who took the EPPS in 1963 when they were in the university were given the same test again recently. The two sets of scores they obtained on the two occusions were compared with each other. Significant differences were found on many of the EPPS scales. The group showed greater needs on Ach., Ord., Ant., Dom., Het., and Agg, than they did thirteen years ago while their needs on Aff., Int., Suc., and Aba. showed decreases. Men and women showed a similar trend of need change but they differed in the magnitude of the changes. It seemed that these need changes did not have much relation with the general social change of the community, but were rather a result of personal development of the subjects. It was also found that the need changes could be described in terms of the EPPS factors extracted in a previous study.