我國中小學生社會關係基模的探討

Social Schemata of Chinese School Children

黃堅厚(Chien-Hou Hwang) ； 藍敏慧(Min-Hui Lan)

《教育心理學報》 13期 (1980/06) Pp. 13-26

https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.19800601.2

摘要

Kuethe及美國另一些學者曾發现人們在排列人物模型時，常有某些共同的趨向，而稱之為「社會關係基模」。本研究卽在探討此項社會關係基模在中國學生中是否也存在。因在四所學校中選取了三、六年級及國中三年級學生253名進行「人物自由排列」測驗。共用了九組人物模型，結果發現有幾種基本社會關係基模確實存在，而且似有隨着年齡的增加而有更接近基模的趨向，但並無性別間的差異。部分學者認為人物模型排列的情形常反映當事人與其親朋間的心理距離，本文作者對此表示懷疑。本文並曾就特殊反應提出討論。

並列摘要

253 Chinese school children of three age groups (3rd,6th and 9th graders) were asked to make free placement of felt figures to investigate the phenomenon of social schema which was found by Kuethe and others among subjects of Western societies. Nine sets of figures were used. The voluntary verbal responses of individual subjects during the testing session were recorded for analysis along with the arrangement of the figures and the distance between them. Some basic social schemata were found. There seemed to be some indication of developmental progression showing increasing awareness of how people related to one another with the increase of age. However, generally there was no sign of sex difference. The concept that the figure arrangement might reveal the psychological distance of subjects with others around them was questioned. The significance of idiosyncratic responses was discussed.