資賦優異兒童親子關係之研究

Parent-Child Relationship of Chinese Gifted Children

陳淑美(Shoo-May Chen)

《教育心理學報》 17期 (1984/05) Pp. 131-149

https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.19840501.7

摘要

本研究旨在探討資優兒童和普通兒童知覺中父母愛護、拒絕、精神獎勵、物質懲罰、寬鬆和命令等各項教養態度的差異，比較男女資優兒童心目中父母教養態度的差異，分析各年級兒童父母教養態度的變異情形及其與某些人格品質間的相關。研究對象取自臺北市中山、西門國小、市立師專附小、臺北縣埔墘國小、臺北市大同國中、忠孝國中、臺北縣江翠國中等教育部指定資賦優異教育實驗學校資優班學生418人，普通班學生444人。主要研究工具為親子關係問卷，田納西自我觀念量表，修訂兒童內外控傾向量表和情緒穩定性量表。研究結果發現：(1)資優兒童所覺知的父母各項教養態度並不完全優於普通兒童。(2)女性兒童所覺知的父母教養態度似較男性兒童合理。(3)資優兒童知覺中的父、母寬鬆態度均隨年級穩定增加，其餘各項父母教養態度亦無一致增減趨勢。(4)資優兒童所知覺的父、母愛護、拒絕、精神獎勵和物質懲罰態度與子女的自我觀念、內控信念及情緒穩定性等人格品質有顯著相關。

並列摘要

The purpose of this study were to investigate the variant trends of parental child-rearing practices of gifted children through the perception of children, to compare with those of children of average intelligence, and to explore the relationships between parental child-rearing practices and some personality traits. 418 gifted children and 444 average children from four elementary schools and three junior high schools in Taipei area were selected as subjects, Parent Child Relation Questionnaire, Tennessee Self Concept Scale, Childrens Internal-External Control Scale, Emotional Maturity Scale were administered to the subject. The data obtained were statistically treated by analysis of variance, trend analysis, and Pearson product-moment correlation.
The main findings of the study were as follows:(1)The gifted children perceived their fathers more casual but less demanding than those of the average children, the gifted children perceived their mothers more casual but less rejecting than those of the average chilldren. (2)The male gifted children perceived their fathers more rejecting, direct-object punishment and demanding than those of the female gifted children, the male gifted children perceived their mothers more direct-object punishment and demanding than those of the female gifted children. (3)Parent casual percieived by gifted children increased steadily with age, but fathers rejecting and direct-object punishment decreased steadily with age. (4)There were significant correlations between the parental child-rearing practices and the belief of internality, self concepts as well as emotional maturity.