國中品學優劣兩極端學生親子關系之比較研究

Parent-Child Relationship as Related to Educational Success of School Children

張春興(Chun-Hsing Chang)

《教育心理學報》 19期 (1986/05) Pp. 1-20

https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.19860601.1

摘要

本研究以立意抽樣方式，從臺北市十所國中的17,650名二、三年級學生中，按六項標準選取品學兼俊（甲類學生）與品學低劣（乙類學生）兩極端學生各150人爲研究對象，以半結構式問卷爲工具直接以一對一的方式個別訪問兩類學生本人及其父母。本研究之目的在分析比較兩類學生父母在對子女管教、親子溝通、教育期望、學校聯繫以及自我角色等各方面的差異，從而了解國中生品學優、劣與家庭環境的關係。研究結果顯示：(l)兩類學生父母在子女管教態度上有顯著的差異；乙類學生父母對子女管教態度較多不一致，且較多以打駡的方式處理孩子學業的問題。(2)兩類學生父母在對子女課業輔導上有顯著的差異；乙類學生父母較多管而不教，極少培養孩子自動自發的習慣。(3)兩類學生的親子感情有顯著的差異；乙類學生中較多不將交友與心中煩惱的事告訴父母。(4)兩類學生父母在對子女教育關心上有顯著的差異；乙類學生父母較少了解孩子求學生活，較少參與學校的活動。(5)兩類學生父母在自我觀念與子女形像上有顯著的差異；乙類學生父母中較多自認並非好父母，其子女並非好孩子。根據研究結果，研究者提出了具體建議。

並列摘要

The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that the parent-child relationship as related to educational success of school children in Chinese society. Based upon six criteria, two types of students were selected from eighth and ninth graders of ten public schools in the Taipei area. Type I students were the 150 highest edcuational successes. Type II students were the lowest 150 failures. A semi-structured interview questionaire was administered on the individual basis to the students and his (or her) parent.
The results of the study indicated that parental practices of the two types of students were significantly different in the following aspects: (1) The parents of Type I students paid more attention to their children during time of home work; they visited the teachers more frequently; they knew better about achool activites and understood better about their children in terms of abilities and interests. (2) The parent-child relationships of the Type I students were better than that of Type II; they talked more each other; they enjoyed more in holidies and they felt more comfortable while discussing problems. The implication of the results of the study in parental education was discussed.