Holland Typology: An Empirical Study on Its Factorial Structure

何倫(Holland)類型論之因素結構分析

金樹人(Shuh-Ren Jin)

《教育心理學報》 19期 (1986/05) Pp. 219-253

https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.19860601.10

摘要

本研究之目的，旨在從兩個層面驗證John Holland生計類型理論在我國的理論建構：其一在於測試Holland類型論中六個人格類型因素的建構效度，其二在於驗證因素之間排列的適切性。研究對象爲八百八十位臺北市高中（含普通高中、高商、及高工三類學校）的學生，男女各半。測量工具為Holland之「職業自我探索量表」(Self-Directed Search)。中譯本經過囘譯法、預試，以及項目分析等手續，在信度、聚斂和區別效度，以及建構效度方面所得到的結果均屬理想。
在因素結構方面，經由因素分析統計結果發現，Holland理論的因素給構大部份獲得證實，惟在「社會型」與「企業型」方面，無論男女學生的結果均顯示出這兩型屬同一因素。在因素結構排列的適切性方面，經使用Wakefield & Doughtie的空間分析發現，六個因素的排列順序與Holland的六角形理論並無二致。所不同者，本研究的結果呈鐘形排列，與Holland六角對稱的形狀略有出入。本研究之結果反應出若干值得重視的文化差異問題，無論在理論的實際應用方面，或評量工具的修訂方面，均值得進一步探究。

並列摘要

This study was designed to identify the construct validity of the six career types of Holland's hexagonal model, and to test the appropriateness of the model. The subjects for this study were 880 Chinese high school students, balanced by sex and proportional to grade (10th and 12th) in Taipei, Taiwan, the Republic of China. Subjects were acquired by sampling a proportionate number of students from three major types of high schools: namely, senior high school, industrial high school, and commercial high school.
The measure utilized in the assessment of the Holland's six career types was an adaptation and Chinese translation of the Self-Directed
Search (SDS), which was developed by using the following procedures: (1) Back-translation technique; (2) Pilot test and revision; and (3) Item analysis of the revised, translation. Based on the data of reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, and construct validity, the Chinese SDS is to some extent an equivalent measure of Holland's typology.
In general, the results of factor analyses supported the factorial structure of Holland's hexagonal model. The only exception was that the Social and Enterprising types were combined into one factor for male and female samples. By utilizing the Wakefield and Doughtie's spatial analysis, the psychological resemblances among types confirmed the hexagon model proposed by Holland, yet the hexagon formed was a bell-shaped one. The bellshaped figure, with R and I in the upper portion and A, S, E, C in the lower portion, implies that the perception of Chinese high school students can be classified into two primary categories, the natural sciences and the humanistic-social sciences. However, sex differences were found in these categories. Males were better than females in differentiating the R and I types, while females were better than males' in distinguishing the A-SE-C types except for the distance between S add E types.